Gangguan Kecemasan Sosial Pada Remaja Dan Terapi Perilaku Kognitif Berbasis Internet Sebagai Pengobatan Masa Depan: Sebuah Studi Cross-Sectional
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Mar 15, 2023
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terapi kognitif perilaku, gangguan kecemasan sosial, remaja
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Remaja dalam aspek perkembangan sosial rentan mengalami gangguan kecemasan sosial, hal ini disebabkan karena remaja memerlukan dukungan sosial dan penerimaan diri di lingkungan sosial yang dalam prosesnya sering membuat remaja stress hingga mengalami kecemasan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gangguan kecemasan sosial pada remaja berdasarkan faktor sosiodemografi seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status keluarga, dan lokasi tempat tinggal serta rencana penggunaan terapi kognitif perilaku berbasis internet yang akan digunakan sebagai treatment dalam penelitian selanjutnya. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional survey. Penelitian ini menggunakan probability sampling dengan jenis simple random sampling, Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 458. Instrument dalam penelitian ini adalah angket Social Anxiety Scale (SAC), analisis data menggunakan uji statistic deskriptif, uji ANOVA dan uji mann-whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecemasan sosial remaja di kota kediri masuk kategori sedang, dan hanya faktor usia dan tempat tinggal yang berpengaruh terhadap kecemasan sosial remaja. Untuk mengatasi kecemasan sosial remaja menggunakan internet-based Cognitive Behavior Therapy (I-CBT) sebagai treatment masa depan.
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Septiana, N. Z., Ramli, M., Hidayah, N., & Isrofin, B. (2023). Gangguan Kecemasan Sosial Pada Remaja Dan Terapi Perilaku Kognitif Berbasis Internet Sebagai Pengobatan Masa Depan: Sebuah Studi Cross-Sectional. Nusantara of Research : Jurnal Hasil-Hasil Penelitian Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, 10(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.29407/nor.v10i1.18834
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Referensi
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Annoni, A. M., Petrocchi, S., Camerini, A. L., & Marciano, L. (2021). The relationship between social anxiety, smartphone use, dispositional trust, and problematic smartphone use: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052452
Aune, T., Juul, E. M. L., Beidel, D. C., Nordahl, H. M., & Dvorak, R. D. (2021). Mitigating adolescent social anxiety symptoms: the effects of social support and social self-efficacy in findings from the Young-HUNT 3 study. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(3), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01529-0
Bautista, C. L., Ralston, A. L., Brock, R. L., & Hope, D. A. (2022). Peer coach support in internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for college students with social anxiety disorder: efficacy and acceptability. Cogent Psychology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2022.2040160
Bemmer, E. R., Boulton, K. A., Thomas, E. E., Larke, B., Lah, S., Hickie, I. B., & Guastella, A. J. (2021). Modified CBT for social anxiety and social functioning in young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Molecular Autism, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00418-w
Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., & Westenberg, P. M. (2022). Concurrent and Prospective Associations Between Social Anxiety and Responses to Stress in Adolescence. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 50(5), 659–668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-021-00880-3
Carlton, C. N., Garcia, K. M., Andino, M. V., Ollendick, T. H., & Richey, J. A. (2022). Social anxiety disorder is Associated with Vaccination attitude, stress, and coping responses during COVID-19. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 46(5), 916–926. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-022-10310-3
Cejudo, J., Rodrigo-Ruiz, D., López-Delgado, M. L., & Losada, L. (2018). Emotional intelligence and its relationship with levels of social anxiety and stress in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061073
Chaitanya, R., & G.C, N. (2022). Adjustment Among Adolescents From The Urban And Rural Area (p. 93). Department of PG Studies and Research in Psychology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362847441
Charmaraman, L., Richer, A. M., Liu, C., Lynch, A. D., & Moreno, M. A. (2021). Early Adolescent Social Media-Related Body Dissatisfaction: Associations with Depressive Symptoms, Social Anxiety, Peers, and Celebrities. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 42(5), 401–407. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000911
Chiu, K., Clark, D. M., & Leigh, E. (2021). Prospective associations between peer functioning and social anxiety in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Journal of Affective Disorders (Vol. 279, pp. 650–661). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.055
Clark, D. M., Wild, J., Warnock-Parkes, E., Stott, R., Grey, N., Thew, G., & Ehlers, A. (2022). More than doubling the clinical benefit of each hour of therapist time: a randomized controlled trial of internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder. Psychological Medicine, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722002008
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach (5th ed.). SAGE Publication.
Danneel, S., Nelemans, S., Spithoven, A., Bastin, M., Bijttebier, P., Colpin, H., Van Den Noortgate, W., Van Leeuwen, K., Verschueren, K., & Goossens, L. (2019). Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: Linking Loneliness, Social Anxiety Symptoms, and Depressive Symptoms Over Time. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 47(10), 1691–1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-019-00539-0
Foroughi, B., Griffiths, M. D., Iranmanesh, M., & Salamzadeh, Y. (2022). Associations Between Instagram Addiction, Academic Performance, Social Anxiety, Depression, and Life Satisfaction Among University Students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(4), 2221–2242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00510-5
Gill, C., Watson, L., Williams, C., & Chan, S. W. Y. (2018). Social anxiety and self-compassion in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 69, 163–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.10.004
Guo, S., Deng, W., Wang, H., Liu, J., Liu, X., Yang, X., He, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, B., Dong, X., Yang, Z., Li, Z., & Li, X. (2020). The efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 656–668). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2528
Hengen, K. M., & Alpers, G. W. (2021). Stress Makes the Difference: Social Stress and Social Anxiety in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 33. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.578293
Hood, S., Barrickman, N., Djerdjian, N., Farr, M., Magner, S., Roychowdhury, H., Gerrits, R., Lawford, H., Ott, B., Ross, K., Paige, O., Stowe, S., Jensen, M., & Hull, K. (2021). “I like and prefer to work alone”: Social anxiety, academic self-efficacy, and students’ perceptions of active learning. CBE Life Sciences Education, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.19-12-0271
Kivity, Y., Cohen, L., Weiss, M., Elizur, J., & Huppert, J. D. (2021). The role of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study of self-report, subjective, and electrocortical measures. In Journal of Affective Disorders (Vol. 279, pp. 334–342). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.021
Kraft, J. D., Grant, D. M. M., White, E. J., Taylor, D. L., & Frosio, K. E. (2021). Cognitive mechanisms influence the relationship between social anxiety and depression among college students. Journal of American College Health, 69(3), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1661844
Lynch, H., McDonagh, C., & Hennessy, E. (2021). Social Anxiety and Depression Stigma Among Adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 281, 744–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.073
McEvoy, P. M., Hyett, M. P., Bank, S. R., Erceg-Hurn, D. M., Johnson, A. R., Kyron, M. J., Saulsman, L. M., Moulds, M. L., Grisham, J. R., Holmes, E. A., Moscovitch, D. A., Lipp, O. V., Campbell, B. N. C., & Rapee, R. M. (2022). Imagery-enhanced v. verbally-based group cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Psychological Medicine, 52(7), 1277–1286. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720003001
Niles, A. N., Axelsson, E., Andersson, E., Hedman-Lagerlöf, E., Carlbring, P., Andersson, G., Johansson, R., Widén, S., Driessen, J., Santoft, F., & Ljótsson, B. (2021). Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for depression, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder: Effectiveness and predictors of response in a teaching clinic. Behavior Research and Therapy, 136, 103767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103767
Nordh, M., Wahlund, T., Jolstedt, M., Sahlin, H., Bjureberg, J., Ahlen, J., Lalouni, M., Salomonsson, S., Vigerland, S., Lavner, M., Öst, L. G., Lenhard, F., Hesser, H., Mataix-Cols, D., Högström, J., & Serlachius, E. (2021). Therapist-Guided Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Internet-Delivered Supportive Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(7), 705–713. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0469
O’Day, E. B., Morrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., Gross, J. J., & Heimberg, R. G. (2019). Social anxiety, loneliness, and the moderating role of emotion regulation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 38(9), 751–773. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.9.751
Peyre, H., Barret, S., Landman, B., Blanco, C., Ellul, P., Limosin, F., Hoertel, N., & Delorme, R. (2022). Age of onset of social anxiety disorder and psychiatric and mental health outcomes: Results from a nationally representative study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 309, 252–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.149
Rapee, R. M., Magson, N. R., Forbes, M. K., Richardson, C. E., Johnco, C. J., Oar, E. L., & Fardouly, J. (2022). Risk for social anxiety in early adolescence: Longitudinal impact of pubertal development, appearance comparisons, and peer connections. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 154, 104126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2022.104126
Sigurðardóttir, S., Helgadóttir, F. D., Menzies, R. E., Sighvatsson, M. B., & Menzies, R. G. (2022). Improving adherence to a web-based cognitive-behavioural therapy program for social anxiety with group sessions: A randomised control trial. Internet Interventions, 28, 100535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2022.100535
Stănculescu, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2022). Social media addiction profiles and their antecedents using latent profile analysis: The contribution of social anxiety, gender, and age. Telematics and Informatics, 74, 101879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2022.101879
Thew, G. R., Kwok, A. P. L., Lissillour Chan, M. H., Powell, C. L. Y. M., Wild, J., Leung, P. W. L., & Clark, D. M. (2022). Internet-delivered cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in Hong Kong: A randomized controlled trial. Internet Interventions, 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2022.100539
Vrbova, K., Prasko, J., Ociskova, M., Holubova, M., Kantor, K., Kolek, A., Grambal, A., & Slepecky, M. (2018). Suicidality, self-stigma, social anxiety and personality traits in stabilized schizophrenia patients – A cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 1415–1424. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S162070
Warizki, T. F. W. (2022). Penerapan Cognitive Behavior Therapy untuk Mengurangi Kecemasan Sosial pada Mahasiswa Rantau Semester Awal (Studi pada Kampus UIN SMH Banten) [Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin]. https://repository.uinbanten.ac.id
Woody, M. L., Kaurin, A., McKone, K. M. P., Ladouceur, C. D., & Silk, J. S. (2022). Displays of negative facial affect during parent–adolescent conflict and the bidirectional transmission of social anxiety. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 63(8), 846–854. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13530
Zelihić, D., van Dalen, M., Kling, J., Pripp, A. H., Nordgreen, T., Kvalem, I. L., Pasmans, S. G. M. A., Mathijssen, I. M. J., Koudstaal, M. J., Hillegers, M. H. J., Williamson, H., Utens, E. M. W. J., Feragen, K. B., & Okkerse, J. M. E. (2022). Reducing social anxiety in adolescents distressed by a visible difference: Results from a randomised control trial of a web-based intervention. Body Image, 40, 295–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.01.008
Ambusaidi, A., Al-Huseini, S., Alshaqsi, H., AlGhafri, M., Chan, M. F., Al-Sibani, N., Al-Adawi, S., & Qoronfleh, M. W. (2022). The Prevalence and Sociodemographic Correlates of Social Anxiety Disorder: A Focused National Survey. Chronic Stress, 6. https://doi.org/10.1177/24705470221081215
Annoni, A. M., Petrocchi, S., Camerini, A. L., & Marciano, L. (2021). The relationship between social anxiety, smartphone use, dispositional trust, and problematic smartphone use: A moderated mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052452
Aune, T., Juul, E. M. L., Beidel, D. C., Nordahl, H. M., & Dvorak, R. D. (2021). Mitigating adolescent social anxiety symptoms: the effects of social support and social self-efficacy in findings from the Young-HUNT 3 study. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(3), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01529-0
Bautista, C. L., Ralston, A. L., Brock, R. L., & Hope, D. A. (2022). Peer coach support in internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for college students with social anxiety disorder: efficacy and acceptability. Cogent Psychology, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2022.2040160
Bemmer, E. R., Boulton, K. A., Thomas, E. E., Larke, B., Lah, S., Hickie, I. B., & Guastella, A. J. (2021). Modified CBT for social anxiety and social functioning in young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Molecular Autism, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00418-w
Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., & Westenberg, P. M. (2022). Concurrent and Prospective Associations Between Social Anxiety and Responses to Stress in Adolescence. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 50(5), 659–668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-021-00880-3
Carlton, C. N., Garcia, K. M., Andino, M. V., Ollendick, T. H., & Richey, J. A. (2022). Social anxiety disorder is Associated with Vaccination attitude, stress, and coping responses during COVID-19. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 46(5), 916–926. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-022-10310-3
Cejudo, J., Rodrigo-Ruiz, D., López-Delgado, M. L., & Losada, L. (2018). Emotional intelligence and its relationship with levels of social anxiety and stress in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1073. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061073
Chaitanya, R., & G.C, N. (2022). Adjustment Among Adolescents From The Urban And Rural Area (p. 93). Department of PG Studies and Research in Psychology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362847441
Charmaraman, L., Richer, A. M., Liu, C., Lynch, A. D., & Moreno, M. A. (2021). Early Adolescent Social Media-Related Body Dissatisfaction: Associations with Depressive Symptoms, Social Anxiety, Peers, and Celebrities. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 42(5), 401–407. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000911
Chiu, K., Clark, D. M., & Leigh, E. (2021). Prospective associations between peer functioning and social anxiety in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Journal of Affective Disorders (Vol. 279, pp. 650–661). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.055
Clark, D. M., Wild, J., Warnock-Parkes, E., Stott, R., Grey, N., Thew, G., & Ehlers, A. (2022). More than doubling the clinical benefit of each hour of therapist time: a randomized controlled trial of internet cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder. Psychological Medicine, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722002008
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approach (5th ed.). SAGE Publication.
Danneel, S., Nelemans, S., Spithoven, A., Bastin, M., Bijttebier, P., Colpin, H., Van Den Noortgate, W., Van Leeuwen, K., Verschueren, K., & Goossens, L. (2019). Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: Linking Loneliness, Social Anxiety Symptoms, and Depressive Symptoms Over Time. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 47(10), 1691–1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-019-00539-0
Foroughi, B., Griffiths, M. D., Iranmanesh, M., & Salamzadeh, Y. (2022). Associations Between Instagram Addiction, Academic Performance, Social Anxiety, Depression, and Life Satisfaction Among University Students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(4), 2221–2242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-021-00510-5
Gill, C., Watson, L., Williams, C., & Chan, S. W. Y. (2018). Social anxiety and self-compassion in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 69, 163–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.10.004
Guo, S., Deng, W., Wang, H., Liu, J., Liu, X., Yang, X., He, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, B., Dong, X., Yang, Z., Li, Z., & Li, X. (2020). The efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. In Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 656–668). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2528
Hengen, K. M., & Alpers, G. W. (2021). Stress Makes the Difference: Social Stress and Social Anxiety in Decision-Making Under Uncertainty. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 33. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.578293
Hood, S., Barrickman, N., Djerdjian, N., Farr, M., Magner, S., Roychowdhury, H., Gerrits, R., Lawford, H., Ott, B., Ross, K., Paige, O., Stowe, S., Jensen, M., & Hull, K. (2021). “I like and prefer to work alone”: Social anxiety, academic self-efficacy, and students’ perceptions of active learning. CBE Life Sciences Education, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.19-12-0271
Kivity, Y., Cohen, L., Weiss, M., Elizur, J., & Huppert, J. D. (2021). The role of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder: A study of self-report, subjective, and electrocortical measures. In Journal of Affective Disorders (Vol. 279, pp. 334–342). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.021
Kraft, J. D., Grant, D. M. M., White, E. J., Taylor, D. L., & Frosio, K. E. (2021). Cognitive mechanisms influence the relationship between social anxiety and depression among college students. Journal of American College Health, 69(3), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1661844
Lynch, H., McDonagh, C., & Hennessy, E. (2021). Social Anxiety and Depression Stigma Among Adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 281, 744–750. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.073
McEvoy, P. M., Hyett, M. P., Bank, S. R., Erceg-Hurn, D. M., Johnson, A. R., Kyron, M. J., Saulsman, L. M., Moulds, M. L., Grisham, J. R., Holmes, E. A., Moscovitch, D. A., Lipp, O. V., Campbell, B. N. C., & Rapee, R. M. (2022). Imagery-enhanced v. verbally-based group cognitive behavior therapy for social anxiety disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Psychological Medicine, 52(7), 1277–1286. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720003001
Niles, A. N., Axelsson, E., Andersson, E., Hedman-Lagerlöf, E., Carlbring, P., Andersson, G., Johansson, R., Widén, S., Driessen, J., Santoft, F., & Ljótsson, B. (2021). Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for depression, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder: Effectiveness and predictors of response in a teaching clinic. Behavior Research and Therapy, 136, 103767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103767
Nordh, M., Wahlund, T., Jolstedt, M., Sahlin, H., Bjureberg, J., Ahlen, J., Lalouni, M., Salomonsson, S., Vigerland, S., Lavner, M., Öst, L. G., Lenhard, F., Hesser, H., Mataix-Cols, D., Högström, J., & Serlachius, E. (2021). Therapist-Guided Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Internet-Delivered Supportive Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(7), 705–713. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0469
O’Day, E. B., Morrison, A. S., Goldin, P. R., Gross, J. J., & Heimberg, R. G. (2019). Social anxiety, loneliness, and the moderating role of emotion regulation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 38(9), 751–773. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.9.751
Peyre, H., Barret, S., Landman, B., Blanco, C., Ellul, P., Limosin, F., Hoertel, N., & Delorme, R. (2022). Age of onset of social anxiety disorder and psychiatric and mental health outcomes: Results from a nationally representative study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 309, 252–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.149
Rapee, R. M., Magson, N. R., Forbes, M. K., Richardson, C. E., Johnco, C. J., Oar, E. L., & Fardouly, J. (2022). Risk for social anxiety in early adolescence: Longitudinal impact of pubertal development, appearance comparisons, and peer connections. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 154, 104126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2022.104126
Sigurðardóttir, S., Helgadóttir, F. D., Menzies, R. E., Sighvatsson, M. B., & Menzies, R. G. (2022). Improving adherence to a web-based cognitive-behavioural therapy program for social anxiety with group sessions: A randomised control trial. Internet Interventions, 28, 100535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2022.100535
Stănculescu, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2022). Social media addiction profiles and their antecedents using latent profile analysis: The contribution of social anxiety, gender, and age. Telematics and Informatics, 74, 101879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2022.101879
Thew, G. R., Kwok, A. P. L., Lissillour Chan, M. H., Powell, C. L. Y. M., Wild, J., Leung, P. W. L., & Clark, D. M. (2022). Internet-delivered cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in Hong Kong: A randomized controlled trial. Internet Interventions, 28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2022.100539
Vrbova, K., Prasko, J., Ociskova, M., Holubova, M., Kantor, K., Kolek, A., Grambal, A., & Slepecky, M. (2018). Suicidality, self-stigma, social anxiety and personality traits in stabilized schizophrenia patients – A cross-sectional study. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 1415–1424. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S162070
Warizki, T. F. W. (2022). Penerapan Cognitive Behavior Therapy untuk Mengurangi Kecemasan Sosial pada Mahasiswa Rantau Semester Awal (Studi pada Kampus UIN SMH Banten) [Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin]. https://repository.uinbanten.ac.id
Woody, M. L., Kaurin, A., McKone, K. M. P., Ladouceur, C. D., & Silk, J. S. (2022). Displays of negative facial affect during parent–adolescent conflict and the bidirectional transmission of social anxiety. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 63(8), 846–854. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13530
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