Peta Sebaran Kutu Putih (Pseudococcidae) di Pulau Ternate, Maluku Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29407/jbp.v13i1.27663Keywords:
buah, Geographic Information System (GIS), hortikultura, kelurahanAbstract
Kutu putih (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) merupakan kelompok serangga hama penting yang bersifat polifag dan mampu menyerang berbagai jenis tanaman budidaya, hortikultura, dan tanaman hias di daerah tropis dan subtropis. Kutu putih berpotensi menyebar dengan cepat antar wilayah melalui peredaran berbagai komoditas pertanian maupun perkebunan, sehingga diperlukan data sebaran spasial yang rinci sebagai dasar perencanaan pengelolaan dan pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan sebaran kutu putih di Pulau Ternate hingga tingkat kelurahan menggunakan GIS dan menyusun informasi spasialnya sebagai dasar bagi perencanaan pengendalian dan survei lanjutan kutu putih. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei lapangan dan analisis spasial berbasis Geographic Information System (GIS) untuk memetakan sebaran kutu putih (Pseudococcidae) di Pulau Ternate. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat 247 titik sebaran kutu putih yang tersebar di 33 dari 60 kelurahan yang disurvei. Kecamatan Ternate Utara merupakan wilayah dengan intensitas sebaran tertinggi yaitu 129 titik sebaran atau sekitar 52,2% dari seluruh titik yang terdeteksi. Sepuluh dari 14 kelurahan di kecamatan ini ditemukan adanya kutu putih dengan 35 titik (27,1%) terdapat di Kelurahan Sango dan 36 titik (27,9%) di Kelurahan Akehuda dari 129 titik sebaran di kecamatan ini. Kedua kelurahan ini merupakan wilayah dengan kepadatan titik tertinggi di Pulau Ternate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebaran kutu putih tidak merata dan terkonsentrasi pada zona pesisir dataran rendah yang didominasi permukiman dan kebun hortikultura. Informasi spasial ini menjadi data dasar penting untuk menyusun prioritas wilayah pengendalian dan merancang survei lanjutan kutu putih pada kelurahan-kelurahan yang berisiko tinggi di Pulau Ternate.
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