Aktivitas Penghambatan Bakteri Kitinolitik asal Limbah Pengolahan Udang Lampung terhadap Fusarium sp. dan Phytopthora sp.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29407/jbp.v12i2.25907Keywords:
Bakteri kitinolitik, Biokontrol, Limbah udang, Fusarium sp. , Phytopthora sp.Abstract
Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman (OPT) seperti Fusarium sp. dan Phytophthora sp. merupakan salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas dan kegagalan panen tanaman hortikultura. Untuk mengatasi serangan OPT, petani melakukan pengendalian jamur patogen dengan menyemprotkan fungisida kimia. Namun, penggunaan fungisida sintesis/kimiawi yang tidak terkontrol dapat menyebabkan pencemaran serta resistensi pada OPT. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan alternatif pengendalian yang lebih aman dengan biokontrol menggunakan bakteri kitinolitik. Bakteri kitinolitik akan mendegradasi kitin pada dinding sel jamur secara spesifik sehingga jamur tidak dapat berkembang dan mengalami kematian. Pada studi ini, dilakukan proses isolasi bakteri kitinolitik dari limbah unit pengolahan udang wilayah Lampung sehingga memiliki potensi penemuan bakteri kitinolitik dengan aktivitas degradasi kitin yang berbeda. Isolat bakteri kitinolitik potensial akan diujikan efektivitasnya sebagai antifungi patogen pada kapang model Fusarium sp. dan Phytophthora sp. secara in vitro. 12 isolat asal limbah pengolahan udang diuji aktivitas kitinolitiknya dengan aktivitas kitinolitik 0,37 – 19,7. Isolat bakteri diketahui mampu menghambat pertumbuhan fungi dengan indeks penghambatan tertinggi oleh isolat C.68 sebesar 60,5% terhadap Fusarium sp. dan isolat S6.3 sebesar 72,68% terhadap Phytopthora sp.
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