Keywords
Olahraga
Massage
Darah
Vitamin E
Massage
Darah
Vitamin E
How to Cite
Suharti, S., & Hakim, L. (2016). Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin E dan Manipulasi Massage Terhadap Hitung Jenis Leukosit Darah Pasca Latihan Fisik Submaksimal. Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 2(2), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v2i2.512
Abstract
Pada saat melakukan aktivitas fisik, selain terbentuk senyawa radikal bebas, tubuh akan membentuk antibodi berupa antioksidan endogen. Apabila terjadi ketidak seimbangan pembentukan radikal bebas dengan antioksidan (stress oksidatif) pemberian antioksidan eksogen akan membantu memulihkan keseimbangan radikal bebas dengan – antioksidan. Pemberian vitamin dan manipulasi massage segera setelah latihan fisik diharapkan berdampak pada nilai hitung jenis leukosit darah.
Merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan design post tes control group design dengan jumlah sampel 40 mahasiswa Pendidikan Kepeltaihan Olahhraga Unipa. Yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yang masing kelompok berjumlah 10 mahasiswa. Kelompok kontrol, kelompok Vitamin E, Kelompok Massage, kelompok vitamin E dan massage. Sampel melakukan lari 2.4 km setelah iu mahasiswa diberi perlakuan masing-masing berupa vi E dan manipulasi massage.
Dari Sampel didapat nilai hitung jenis leukosi dengan nilai P Value > 0.05 kecuali pada nilai hitung trombosit dengan nilai P Value:0.069 > 0.05. Dengan demikian pemberian manipulasi massage dan Vitamin E mempengaruhi nilai hitung lekosit darah setelah latihan fisik submaksimal.
References
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Ong NO, Chia SE. 2001. Oxidative damage antioxidant and human sperm. In: Nasretman, Packer, editors. Micronutrients and health; molecular, biological mechanism. Illionis: AOCS Pers.
Poli G. Liver damage due to free radicals.B M Bull. 49;1993:604-20.
Proctor PH, Reynolds ES.Free radicals and disease in man.PhysiolChemPhys Med. 16;1984:175-95.
Rost RE,1993. Cardiovaskular incidents during Physical Activity .Int J Sport Cardiol 2.p.11-18
Senturk, U. K., Gunduz, F., Kuru, O., Kocer, G., Ozkaya, Y. G., Yesilkaya, A., Bor-
Kucukatay, M., Uyuklu, M., Yalcin, O. &Baskurt, O. K. (2005), Exerciseinduced oxidative stress leads hemolysis in sedentary but not trained humans. J ApplPhysiol, 99, 1434-41.
Sjodin B, HellstenWesting Y, Apple FS, 1990.Biochemical Mechanism for Oxygen Free Radicals formation during exercise.Sports Med; 10 (4) :236-254
Sugiharto. 2005. Fragilitas Osmotik Eritrosit pada aktivitas Fisik Aerobik. Jurnal Iptek Olahraga. Vol 7, no 3, september 2005 : 160 – 169
Tambunan, S.D. 2004. Pemberian Suplemen Vitamin C dan Vitamin E pada Olahraga. Majalah Gizmindo.
Wirakusumah, E. S., 2000, TetapBugar di UsiaLanjut. TrubusAgriwidya. Jakarta. Hal. 6 – 97.
Wuryastuti, H., 2000, Stress Oksidatif dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kesehatan, (Pidato) Pengukuhan Guru Besar Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, UGM, 39 halaman.
Albina JE, Reichner JS.1998. Role of nitric oxide in mediation of macrophage cytotoxicity and apoptosis.Cancer Metatasis Rev. 17:38-53.
Allen RG, Tressini M. Oxidative stress and gene regulation.2000. Free Radical Biol Med. 28:463-99.
Anonym. Facts About Dietary Supplements, December 9, 2002. Didapatdari: www.cc.nih.gov/ccc/supplements/selen.html.
Araujo V, Arnal C, Boronat M, et al.1998. Oxidant-anti oxidant imbalance in blood of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.Bio Factor. 8:155-59.
Ardle, Mc.1981.Exercise Physiology Energi. Nutrition and Human Performance.Philadelphia: Lea &Febiger.
Astrand, P.O.andRodahl, K.1970. Text Book of Work Physiologi.3th ed. New York: Mc. Graw Hill Book Company.
Barja, G.C. 1994. Free Radical and Respiration.New York: Oxford University Press.
Bagchi, D.C. 2000. Oxygen Free Radical Scavenging Abilities of Vitamin C and E. Illionis : AOCS Press.
Bendich, A. 1991.Exercise and free radicals: effect of antioxidant vitamins. Med Sport Sci: 32: 59 – 78.
Bompa, O.T.1990. Theory and Methodology of Training.Dubuque, Iowa :Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company.
Bompa, Tudor O. 1994. Theory and Methodology of Training: The Key to Athelic Performance. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, IOWA. USA
Casaburi, R. (1992), Principles of Exercise Training. American College of Chest Physicians, 101, 263-267.
Cooper, K.H.2000. Antioxidant Revolution, Tennessee, Thomas Nelson Publishers.
Devlin, M.T. 2002. Bioenergetics and oxidative metabolism In: Biochemistry with clinical correlations. 5th ed. Wiley-liss, Canada. 590-592.
Droge W.2002. Free radicals in the physiological control of cell function. Physiol Rev. 82:47-95.
Evans, W. J. (2000), Vitamin E, vitamin C, and exercise.Am J ClinNutr, 72, 647S-52S.
Foss L.M.1998.Physiology basis for exercise and sport. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company.
Fox , Bowers R.W, Foss M.L. The Physiological Basis for Exercise and Sport, 5th ed. Dubuque :Wm C Brown Communications Inc.
Ganong WF, 2001. Review in medical physiology, 20th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill Company.
Gervino EV, Douglas PS,1993.The Benefits and Risk of Edurance Exercise . In J Sport Cardiol 2.p73-78
Gutman, 2002.Leukosite and Immune System.Sports Medicine 671-672.
Halliwell B,1999. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine .Oxford, New York, Toronto. P.10
Hanafiah, K.A. 2003.RancanganPercobaan :Teori&Aplikasi. Raja GrafindoPersada. Jakarta, hal 1 – 9
Harjanto. 2005. Pertanda biologis dan faktor yang mempengaruhi derajat stress oksidatif pada latihan olahraga aerobik sesaat. Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris.
Hertanti, M. Pardene, H., Kodariah, R. 1999. Kadar Imonoglobin A Dalam Air Liur Atlit Pasca Pertandingan. Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia.
Inoue M.2001. Protective mechanisms against reactive oxygen species. In: Arias IM The liver biology and pathobiology Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 4th-ed. Philadelphia. 281-90.
Ji LL,1999. Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress In Exercise. Society for experimental Biology and medicine (222) p. 283-292.
Jimmy, 2010.Immune System, Exercise and Oxidative Stress.Experimental Blood and Immune System.131-132.
Keolahragaan. 2000. Ilmu Keolahragaan dan Rencana pengembangannya. Jakarta :Depdiknas.
Kiyatno, (2009), Antioksidan Vitamin dan Kerusakan Otot pada Aktivitas Fisik Studi Eksperimen pada Mahasiswa JPOK-FKIP UNS Surakarta,Volume 43, Nomor 6, Tahun 2009.
Ksing, (2000), Physiology of Immune System and Exercise.Sports Medicine and Physiology 98-100
Kusumawati, Diah. 2004. Bersahabat Dengan Hewan Coba. Gajah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta
Len J, Davies CT, Young K. 2002. Changes In Indicator Of Inflammation After Eccentric Exercise Of The Elbow Flexors, Med Sci Sport Med 25: 236-9.
Leeuwenburgh & Heinecke. 2001. Sports and Stress Oxidative. Med Sci Sport Med 32: 158-159.
Margaritis, I., Palazzetti, S., Rousseau, A. S., Richard, M. J. & Favier, A. (2003), Antioxidant Supplementation And Tapering Exercise Improve Exercise-Induced Antioxidant Response. J Am CollNutr, 22, 147-56.
Miras, Lindley and Miras, Cecille. 2008. Dosage of Glutathione As an Antioxidant and For Whitening Purposes. 2011 EzineArticles.com - All Rights Reserved Worldwide.http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Lindley_Miras.
Ong NO, Chia SE. 2001. Oxidative damage antioxidant and human sperm. In: Nasretman, Packer, editors. Micronutrients and health; molecular, biological mechanism. Illionis: AOCS Pers.
Poli G. Liver damage due to free radicals.B M Bull. 49;1993:604-20.
Proctor PH, Reynolds ES.Free radicals and disease in man.PhysiolChemPhys Med. 16;1984:175-95.
Rost RE,1993. Cardiovaskular incidents during Physical Activity .Int J Sport Cardiol 2.p.11-18
Senturk, U. K., Gunduz, F., Kuru, O., Kocer, G., Ozkaya, Y. G., Yesilkaya, A., Bor-
Kucukatay, M., Uyuklu, M., Yalcin, O. &Baskurt, O. K. (2005), Exerciseinduced oxidative stress leads hemolysis in sedentary but not trained humans. J ApplPhysiol, 99, 1434-41.
Sjodin B, HellstenWesting Y, Apple FS, 1990.Biochemical Mechanism for Oxygen Free Radicals formation during exercise.Sports Med; 10 (4) :236-254
Sugiharto. 2005. Fragilitas Osmotik Eritrosit pada aktivitas Fisik Aerobik. Jurnal Iptek Olahraga. Vol 7, no 3, september 2005 : 160 – 169
Tambunan, S.D. 2004. Pemberian Suplemen Vitamin C dan Vitamin E pada Olahraga. Majalah Gizmindo.
Wirakusumah, E. S., 2000, TetapBugar di UsiaLanjut. TrubusAgriwidya. Jakarta. Hal. 6 – 97.
Wuryastuti, H., 2000, Stress Oksidatif dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kesehatan, (Pidato) Pengukuhan Guru Besar Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, UGM, 39 halaman.
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