Keywords
Leucocytes
Physical activity
How to Cite
Abstract
The purpose of study was to determine the effect of vitamin C supplementation on maximum physical activity on the total of leukocytes. Research method used a quasi-field experiment with pre-test design and post-test control group design. The study subjects consisted of four male non-athletes, aged 20-22 years. The number of leukocytes was measured before and after vitamin C supplementation with a dose of 100 mg and 500 mg in maximum activity, namely running to fatigue. Data normality was tested by Kolmogorov Smirnov and paired sample t-test was used to test for differences in the total of leukocytes before and after vitamin C supplementation. The results showed that the average number of respondents' leukocytes increased after maximal physical activity (∆ = 6,775) and after vitamin C supplementation 100 mg (∆ = 1300) and 500 mg (∆ = 550). Paired t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.019) between the total of leukocytes before and after maximum physical activity. There was no significant difference between the supplementation of vitamin C at a dose of 100 mg (p = 0.09) and a dose of 500 mg (p = 0.95) on the total of leukocytes before and after maximum physical activity. So, it is concluded that maximum physical activity increases the number of leukocytes. However, there was no difference in the number of leukocytes before and after maximum physical activity in the supplementation of 100 mg and 500 mg of vitamin C
References
Abobaker, A., Alzwi, A., & Alraied, A. H. A. (2020, December 1). Overview of the possible role of vitamin C in management of COVID-19. Pharmacological Reports, Vol. 1, p. 3. Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43440-020-00176-1
Actor, J. (2012). Elsevier’s Integrated Review Immunology and Microbiology - 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: Saunders. Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/books/elseviers-integrated-review-immunology-and-microbiology/actor/978-0-323-07447-6
Adhitya, S. D. (2016). Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Operator Layanan Internet Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Physical Activity Level Among Operators Of Layanan Internet Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. In Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi (Vol. 5). Retrieved from http://journal.student.uny.ac.id/ojs/ojs/index.php/pjkr/article/view/2388
Almatsir, S. (2009). Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: PT. Gramadia Pustaka Utama.
Apollo Sinaga, F., Ginting, M., Fitri, K., Harefa, R., Keolahragaan, I., & Unimed, F. (2017). Pengaruh Aktifitas Fisik Maksimal Terhadap Jumlah Leukosit Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan. In Generasi Kampus (Vol. 10). Retrieved from https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/gk/article/view/8735
Ariestika, E., & Agung Nanda, F. (2020). Physical activities and vo2 max: Indonesian national team, is there a difference before and after covid-19? Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 6(3), 752–767. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v6i3.14972
Carr, A. C., & Maggini, S. (2017, November 1). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, Vol. 9. MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9111211
Carr, A. C., & McCall, C. (2017, April 14). The role of vitamin C in the treatment of pain: New insights. Journal of Translational Medicine, Vol. 15. BioMed Central Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-017-1179-7
da Silveira, M. P., da Silva Fagundes, K. K., Bizuti, M. R., Starck, É., Rossi, R. C., & de Resende e Silva, D. T. (2020, July 29). Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, pp. 1–14. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3
Dewi, K. I., & Wirjatmadi, R. B. (2018). Hubungan Kecukupan Vitamin C Dan Zat Besi Dengan Kebugaran Jasmani Atlet Pencak Ipsi Lamongan. Media Gizi Indonesia, 12(2), 134. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v12i2.134-140
Fauzi, T. M. (2018). Peran Antioksidan Vitamin C Pada Keadaan Stres Oksidatif Dan Hubungan Dengan Kadar Malondialdehid (Mda) Di Dalam Tubuh. Majalah Ilmiah Methoda, 8(2), 61–67.
Gleeson, M., & Bishop, N. C. (2000). Modification of immune responses to exercise by carbohydrate, glutamine and anti-oxidant supplements. Immunology and Cell Biology, 78(5), 554–561. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1711.2000.t01-6-.x
Hemilä, H. (2017, April 1). Vitamin C and infections. Nutrients, Vol. 9. MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040339
Indika, P. M., P, A. . S., Yuniarti, E., & Yosnengsih. (2019). The effect of submaximal physical training along with vitamin c supplement towards hemoglobin levels to students of health and recreation department faculty of sport science padang state university. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/0.1088/1742-6596/1317/1/012101
Jannah, A. M. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Terhadap Recovery Setelah Beraktifitas Fisik Pada Atlet Sepak Bola SMA Negeri 2 Sinjai. Universitas Negeri Makasar.
Khasan. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian Antioksidan Vitamin C Pada Latihan Fisik Maksimal Terhadap Penurunan Stres Oksidatif Tikus Putih Strain Wistar. UNNES.
Mahfida, S. L., Kandarina, I., & Farmawati, A. (2015). Efektivitas minuman kombinasi maltodekstrin dan vitamin C terhadap hitung jenis leukosit pada atlet sepak bola. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 11(3), 126. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.19295
Marpaung, D. R., Sinaga, F. A., Rismadayanti, W., Ginting, M., & Fitri, K. (2018). Pengaruh Aktifitas Fisik Maksimal Terhadap Jumlah Leukosit Dan Hitung Jenis Leukosit Pada Atlet Softball. Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan, 2(1), 1–9.
Mushidah, M., & Muliawati, R. (2019). Perubahan Jumlah Leukosit Akibat Aktivitas Fisik Berat Pada Mencit Jantan BALB/c. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 14(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.26714/jkmi.v14i1.4790
Neves, P. R. D. S., Tenório, T. R. D. S., Lins, T. A., Muniz, M. T. C., Pithon-Curi, T. C., Botero, J. P., & Do Prado, W. L. (2015). Acute effects of high- and low-intensity exercise bouts on leukocyte counts. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 13(1), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2014.11.003
Nieman, D. C., & Wentz, L. M. (2019, May 1). The compelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. Journal of Sport and Health Science, Vol. 8, pp. 201–217. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009
Ozaslan, M., Aytekin, T., & Kolić, I. (2004). The Effects Of Vitamin C Supplemen¬Tation On The Leucocyte Counts And Exercise Performance Of MICE. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 7(2), 101–105.
Pullar, J. M., Carr, A. C., & Vissers, M. C. M. (2017, August 12). The roles of vitamin C in skin health. Nutrients, Vol. 9. MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9080866
Rachman, G. F. N., & Nasution, J. D. H. (2017). Survei Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Cerdas Istimewa Angkatan Tahun 2015 dan Angkatan Tahun 2015 SMA Negeri 1 Krian. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 05(01), 44–48.
Resmanto. (2017a). Pengaruh pemberian vitamin C sebagai antioksidan terhadap jumlah leukosit dan trombosit pada latihan fisik maksimal penelitian eksperimental laboratorium pada mencit (Mus musculus). Universitas Andalas.
Resmanto, R. (2017b). Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Sebagai Antioksidan Terhadap Jumlah Leukosit Dan Trombosit Pada Latihan Fisik Maksimal. Universitas Andalas.
Sadeghi, H. (2019). Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on immune responses to a competition bout of sanda. Journal of Physical Activity and Hormones, 3(1), 35–49.
Said, M., Amri, M., Feki, Y., Aouni, Z., Machghoul, S., & Hamza, M. (2009). Effects of sustained intensive physical activities on immune cells circulating and pro-inflammatory cytokines production in trained and untrained humans. Science and Sports, 24(5), 229–237. https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2008.12.003
Sand, K. L. (2013a). Effects of exercise on leukocytosis and blood hemostasis in 800 healthy young females and males. World Journal of Experimental Medicine, 3(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v3.i1.11
Sand, K. L. (2013b). Effects of exercise on leukocytosis and blood hemostasis in 800 healthy young females and males. World Journal of Experimental Medicine, 3(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.5493/wjem.v3.i1.11
Sandy, F. F., Saputri, W. E., Hanifah, S., Yusuf, L., Permatasari, S., Witka, B. Z., … Sidharta, K. D. (2019). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Nilai Limfosit, Leukosit, Monosit Dan Alergi Lain Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2016 Shift A Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran. In Farmaka (Vol. 17). https://doi.org/10.24198/JF.V17I2.22043
Sellami, M., Gasmi, M., Denham, J., Hayes, L. D., Stratton, D., Padulo, J., & Bragazzi, N. (2018, October 10). Effects of acute and chronic exercise on immunological parameters in the elderly aged: Can physical activity counteract the effects of aging? Frontiers in Immunology, Vol. 9, p. 2187. Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02187
Setiawan, G. W., Pangemanan, D. H. C., & Polii, H. (2016). Pengaruh pemberian vitamin C terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik. Jurnal E-Biomedik (EBm), 4(1), 136–140.
Sinaga, F. A., Sinaga, R. N., & Sinaga, R. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin E Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Aktifitas Fisik Maksimal Mahasiswa Ilmu Keolahragaan FIK UNIMED. Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan, 1(1), 30–39.
Sukadiyanto, & Muluk, D. (2011). Pengantar Teori dan metodologi Melatih Fisik. Bandung: CV. Lubuk Agung.
Supriyoko, A., & Mahardika, W. (2018). Kondisi Fisik Atlet Anggar Kota Surakarta. Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 4(2), 280. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v4i2.12540
Susilo, A., Rumende, C. M., Pitoyo, C. W., Santoso, W. D., Yulianti, M., Herikurniawan, H., … Yunihastuti, E. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 7(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415
Ulvie, Y. N. S., Lestariana, W., & Sofro, Z. M. (2014). The leucocytes, neutrophils and superoxydes dismutase (SOD) level after consuming guava juice ( Psidium guajava L) during aerobic exercise for beginners. Journal of Thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran), 46(02), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.19106/jmedscie004602201401
Wibawaa, J. C., Arifin, M. Z., & Herawatia, L. (2020). Mekanisme Vitamin C Menurunkan Stres Oksidatif Setelah Aktivitas Fisik. JOSSAE ( Journal of Sport Science and Education), 5(1), 57–63.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2021 Syahruddin -