Perancangan dan Analisis Model Splint Berbasis Reverse Engineering Untuk Rehabilitasi Tangan
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Abstract
Pertolongan pertama cedera lengan akibat kecelakaan, imobilisasi harus dilakukan untuk mengurangi pergerakan yang menyebabkan rasa nyeri pada bagian lengan yang cedera, melindungi lengan dari benturan, dan membantu proses penyembuhannya. Imobilisasi biasanya dilakukan dengan pembidaian atau splint. Saat ini, papan kayu yang digunakan sebagai pembidaian menjaga posisi anggota tubuh yang cedera. Namun, bentuk papan kayu tidak mengikuti bentuk tubuh pasien, yang membuatnya kurang nyaman dan memakan waktu lebih lama untuk dipasang. Studi ini mendesain dan menganalisis model splint yang digunakan untuk rehabilitasi cedera tangan. Untuk membuat splint tangan ini lebih sesuai dengan bentuk dan nyaman digunakan, mereka dirancang dengan memperhatikan variasi ukuran dan bentuk anatomi pasien. Teknologi reverse engineering (RE) dan rapid prototyping (RP) dapat digunakan dalam bidang medis, seperti membuat alat orthosis atau splint. Metode penelitian ini dimulai dengan membaca literatur, menggambar 3D, membuat model CAD, menganalisis model, mencetak 3D, dan pasca-proses. Untuk model ini, material ABS dengan ketebalan 5 mm, 6 mm, dan 7 mm serta nilai pembebanan 5 N hingga 25 N digunakan. Hasil analisis tekanan equivalent menunjukkan bahwa model ketebalan 5 mm mampu menahan tekanan 25 N dengan tekanan maksimum equivalent sebesar 13.52 MPa, yang masih dianggap aman dengan nilai safety factor 2.11, dan area penting di ujung punggung telapak tangan model antara ibu jari dan jari telunjuk.
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