Abstract
This study aims to prove the effects of a single bout of endurance exercise on decreased oxidative stress in young adults with overweight. This study used the true experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. Twenty overweight women between the ages of 20 and 23 were recruited from college students and randomly divided into CON (n = 10, control group without exercise) and EEx (n = 10, endurance exercise group). The endurance exercise intervention is carried out once by running on a treadmill with an intensity of 60-70% HRmax for 40 minutes/exercise sessions. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a biomarker of oxidative stress were measured 30 minutes pre-exercise and 24 hours post-exercise using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARs) method. The results showed that MDA levels significantly decreased in the endurance training group compared to the control group. Results of analysis of MDA levels between pre-exercise and post-exercise in CON (819.00±66.47 vs. 853.00±113.55 ng/mL; (P > 0.05), EEx (810.00±120.19 vs. 596.00±67.57 ng/mL; (P < 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that a single session of endurance exercise at an intensity of 60-70% HRmax for 40 minutes reduces oxidative stress in overweight adolescent females.
References
Accattato, F., Greco, M., Pullano, S. A., Carè, I., Fiorillo, A. S., Pujia, A., Montalcini, T., Foti, D. P., Brunetti, A., & Gulletta, E. (2017). Effects of acute physical exercise on oxidative stress and inflammatory status in young, sedentary obese subjects. PloS one, 12(6), e0178900. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178900.
Algul, S., Ugras, S., & Kara, M. (2018). Comparative evaluation of mda levels during aerobic exercise in young trained and sedentary male subjects. Eastern Journal of Medicine, 23(2), 98–101. https://doi.org/10.5505/ejm.2018.40469.
Bellicha, A., van Baak, M. A., Battista, F., Beaulieu, K., Blundell, J. E., Busetto, L., Carraça, E. V., Dicker, D., Encantado, J., Ermolao, A., Farpour-Lambert, N., Pramono, A., Woodward, E., & Oppert, J. M. (2021). Effect of exercise training on weight loss, body composition changes, and weight maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity: An overview of 12 systematic reviews and 149 studies. Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 22 Suppl 4(Suppl 4), e13256. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13256.
Barbieri, E., & Sestili, P. (2012). Reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle signaling. Journal of signal transduction, 2012, 982794. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/982794.
Ceci, R., Beltran Valls, M. R., Duranti, G., Dimauro, I., Quaranta, F., Pittaluga, M., Sabatini, S., Caserotti, P., Parisi, P., Parisi, A., & Caporossi, D. (2014). Oxidative stress responses to a graded maximal exercise test in older adults following explosive-type resistance training. Redox biology, 2, 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.004.
Donnelly, J. E., Blair, S. N., Jakicic, J. M., Manore, M. M., Rankin, J. W., Smith, B. K., & American College of Sports Medicine (2009). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Appropriate physical activity intervention strategies for weight loss and prevention of weight regain for adults. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 41(2), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181949333.
Farinha, J. B., Steckling, F. M., Stefanello, S. T., Cardoso, M. S., Nunes, L. S., Barcelos, R. P., Duarte, T., Kretzmann, N. A., Mota, C. B., Bresciani, G., Moresco, R. N., Duarte, M. M., Dos Santos, D. L., & Soares, F. A. (2015). Response of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers to a 12-week aerobic exercise training in women with metabolic syndrome. Sports medicine - open, 1(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0011-2.
He, F., Li, J., Liu, Z., Chuang, C. C., Yang, W., & Zuo, L. (2016). Redox Mechanism of Reactive Oxygen Species in Exercise. Frontiers in physiology, 7, 486. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00486.
Huang, C. J., McAllister, M. J., Slusher, A. L., Webb, H. E., Mock, J. T., & Acevedo, E. O. (2015). Obesity-Related Oxidative Stress: the Impact of Physical Activity and Diet Manipulation. Sports medicine - open, 1(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0031-y.
Khanna, D., Khanna, S., Khanna, P., Kahar, P., & Patel, B. M. (2022). Obesity: A Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Its Markers. Cureus, 14(2), e22711. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22711.
Katerji, M., Filippova, M., & Duerksen-Hughes, P. (2019). Approaches and Methods to Measure Oxidative Stress in Clinical Samples: Research Applications in the Cancer Field. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2019, 1279250. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1279250.
Kawamura, T., & Muraoka, I. (2018). Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and the Effects of Antioxidant Intake from a Physiological Viewpoint. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 7(9), 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7090119.
Liu, X., He, M., Gan, X., Yang, Y., Hou, Q., & Hu, R. (2023). The Effects of Six Weeks of Fasted Aerobic Exercise on Body Shape and Blood Biochemical Index in Overweight and Obese Young Adult Males. Journal of exercise science and fitness, 21(1), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2022.11.003.
Manna, P., & Jain, S. K. (2015). Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic Strategies. Metabolic syndrome and related disorders, 13(10), 423–444. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2015.0095.
Powers, S. K., Ji, L. L., Kavazis, A. N., & Jackson, M. J. (2011). Reactive oxygen species: impact on skeletal muscle. Comprehensive Physiology, 1(2), 941–969. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c100054.
Pranoto, A., Rejeki, P. S., Miftahussurur, M., Setiawan, H. K., Yosika, G. F., Munir, M., Maesaroh, S., Purwoto, S. P., Waritsu, C., & Yamaoka, Y. (2023). Single 30 min treadmill exercise session suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in obese female adolescents. Journal of basic and clinical physiology and pharmacology, 34(2), 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0196.
Powers, S. K., Deminice, R., Ozdemir, M., Yoshihara, T., Bomkamp, M. P., & Hyatt, H. (2020). Exercise-induced oxidative stress: Friend or foe?. Journal of sport and health science, 9(5), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.001.
Rejeki, P.S., Pranoto, A., Rahmanto, I., Izzatunnisa, N., Yosika, G.F., Hernaningsih, Y., Wungu, C.D.K., Halim, S. (2023). The Positive Effect of Four-Week Combined Aerobic–Resistance Training on Body Composition and Adipokine Levels in Obese Females. Sports, 11, 90. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11040090.
Sakellariou, G. K., Jackson, M. J., & Vasilaki, A. (2014). Redefining the major contributors to superoxide production in contracting skeletal muscle. The role of NAD(P)H oxidases. Free radical research, 48(1), 12–29. https://doi.org/10.3109/10715762.2013.830718.
Samjoo, I. A., Safdar, A., Hamadeh, M. J., Raha, S., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2013). The effect of endurance exercise on both skeletal muscle and systemic oxidative stress in previously sedentary obese men. Nutrition & diabetes, 3(9), e88. https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2013.30.
Schieber, M., & Chandel, N. S. (2014). ROS function in redox signaling and oxidative stress. Current biology : CB, 24(10), R453–R462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.034.
Sharifi-Rad, M., Anil Kumar, N. V., Zucca, P., Varoni, E. M., Dini, L., Panzarini, E., Rajkovic, J., Tsouh Fokou, P. V., Azzini, E., Peluso, I., Prakash Mishra, A., Nigam, M., El Rayess, Y., Beyrouthy, M. E., Polito, L., Iriti, M., Martins, N.,
Martorell, M., Docea, A. O., Setzer, W. N., et al. (2020). Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases. Frontiers in physiology, 11, 694. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00694.
Shibata, A., Izumiya, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Kitada, R., Iwata, S., Ehara, S., Izumi, Y., Hanatani, A., & Yoshiyama, M. (2021). Increased oxidative stress during exercise predicts poor prognosis in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. ESC heart failure, 8(5), 3885–3893. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.13538.
Swift, D. L., Johannsen, N. M., Lavie, C. J., Earnest, C. P., Blair, S. N., & Church, T. S. (2016). Effects of clinically significant weight loss with exercise training on insulin resistance and cardiometabolic adaptations. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 24(4), 812–819. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21404.
Susantiningsih, T. (2015). Obesitas dan Stress Oksidatif. JuKe Unila, 5(9), 89–93.
Thirupathi, A., Pinho, R. A., Ugbolue, U. C., He, Y., Meng, Y., & Gu, Y. (2021). Effect of Running Exercise on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in physiology, 11, 610112. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.610112.
Vasantrao Bhale, D., Kumar Mahat, R., Vasantrao Bhale, D., & Shashikant Patil, D. (2014). Study of Malondialdehyde (MDA) As a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Obese Male Individuals. In International Journal of Recent Trends in Science And Technology (Vol. 10, Issue 1). Statperson Publications. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313895349.
Yosika, G.F., Sukoco, P., Pranoto, A., & Purwoto, S. P. (2020). Penurunan malondialdehyde serum setelah latihan interval dan continuous di pagi hari pada perempuan obesitas. Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 6(2), 288-303. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.vi.14289.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Yasep Setiakarnawijaya, Muhamad Syamsul Taufik, Widiastuti Widiastuti, Kuswahyudi Kuswahyudi, Septyaningrum Putri Purwoto