Exploring Students’ Engagement Perspectives and Overcoming Writing Challenges in Academic Writing Classrooms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29407/jetar.v11i1.27302Keywords:
Keywords: Google Docs; writing engagement; higher education; writing skills, google docs, writing engagement, higher education, writing skillsAbstract
Technology-based writing pedagogy in higher education plays an important role in fostering a more interactive and collaborative learning environment. However, the extent to which digital platforms promote meaningful student engagement and support students in overcoming academic writing challenges remains underexplored, particularly in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts. Therefore, this study aims to explore students’ engagement in academic writing through the use of Google Docs and to examine how this platform helps address challenges encountered during the writing process. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study approach conducted in a third-semester academic writing class at a university in East Java. Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews involving 39 participants. The findings revealed that students perceived Google Docs positively in supporting engagement, motivation, and collaborative productivity during academic writing activities. The platform facilitated active participation, feedback exchange, and collaborative interaction throughout the writing process. However, several challenges were also identified, including maintaining student engagement, supporting more structured and coherent writing, adapting learning practices to digital environments, and managing writing format consistency. These findings suggest that Google Docs can function as a supportive pedagogical tool when integrated with appropriate instructional strategies. This study contributes to a better understanding of how collaborative technology can support student engagement and address writing challenges in EFL higher education contexts.
Downloads
References
Akram, H., Abdelrady, A. H., Al-Adwan, A. S., & Ramzan, M. (2022). Teachers’ Perceptions of Technology Integration in Teaching-Learning Practices: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(June), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.920317
Alharbi, M. A. (2020). Exploring the potential of Google Docs in facilitating innovative teaching and learning practices in an EFL writing course. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 14(3), 227–242. https://doi. org/10.1080/17501229.2019. 1572157
Artama, K. K. J., Budasi, I. G., & Ratminingsih, N. M. (2023). Promoting the 21st Century Skills Using Project-Based Learning. Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature, 17(2), 325–332. https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v17i2.39096
Chapelle, C. A., & Sauro, S. (2017). Introduction to the Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning . The Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118914069 .ch1
Creswell, J. W. (2021). A Concise Introduction to Mixed Methods (Second edi). SAGE publications.
Crompton, H., Bernacki, M., & Greene, J. A. (2020). Psychological foundations of emerging technologies for teaching and learning in higher education. Current Opinion in Psychology, 36, 101–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.04.011
Dakhi, O., Jama, J., & Irfan, D. (2020). Blended learning: a 21St Century Learning Model At College. International Journal of Multi-Science, 1(7), 50–65. https://multiscience journal.com/index.php/ijm/article/view/92
Deakin Crick, R., & Goldspink, C. (2014). Learner Dispositions, Self-Theories, and Student Engagement. British Journal of Educational Studies, 62(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00071005.2014.904038
Liu, S. H. J., & Lan, Y. J. (2016). Social constructivist approach to web-based EFL learning: Collaboration, motivation, and perception on the use of Google Docs. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 19(1), 171-186.
Hakimah, N. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Project-Based Learning on Students’ Writing Skills: A Pre-Experimental Study. Acitya: Journal of Teaching and Education, 5(2), 434–448. https://doi.org/10.30650/ajte.v5i2.3723
Marshall, S. (2007). Engagement Theory, WebCT, and academic writing in Australia Simone Marshall University of Sydney, Australia. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 3(2), 109–115. https://www.learntechlib.org/p/188040/.
Moonma, J. (2021). Comparing Collaborative Writing Activity in EFL Classroom: Face-to-Face Collaborative Writing versus Online Collaborative Writing Using Google Docs. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 7(4), 204–215. https://doi.org/10.20448 /journal.522.2021.74.204.215
Nabhan, S., & Sa’diyah, H. (2021). Collaborative Writing Using Google Docs in an EFL Classroom: Voices from High School Students. VELES Voices of English Language Education Society, 5(2), 156–166. https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v5i2.3863
Neumann, K. L., & Kopcha, T. J. (2019). Using Google Docs for Peer-Then-Teacher Review on Middle School Students Writing. Computers and Composition, 54, 102524. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.compcom.2019.102524
Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2022). Methodology in Language Teaching An Anthology of Current Practice, Chapter 1 ~ English Language Teaching in the “Post-Method” Era: Toward Better Diagnosis, Treatment, and Assessment. Research Gate, May. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36344.72962
Saeed, M. A., & Al Qunayeer, H. S. (2022). Exploring teacher interactive e-feedback on students’ writing through Google Docs: factors promoting interactivity and potential for learning. Language Learning Journal, 50(3), 360–377. https://doi. org/10.1080/0 9571736.2020.1786711
Wilson, J., Ahrendt, C., Fudge, E. A., Raiche, A., Beard, G., & MacArthur, C. (2021). Elementary teachers’ perceptions of automated feedback and automated scoring: Transforming the teaching and learning of writing using automated writing evaluation. Computers and Education, 168(April), 104208. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104208
Zhang, R., & Zou, D. (2022). Types, features, and effectiveness of technologies in collaborative writing for second language learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 35(9), 2391–2422. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1880441
Zhou, W., Simpson, E., & Domizi, D. P. (2012). Google Docs in an Out-of-Class Collaborative Writing Activity. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 24(3), 359–375. http://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Deni Irkhamil Maulana; Annisa Jihan Salsabil

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal, the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Article template