Pengaruh Tekanan Pemadatan terhadap Karakteristik Pembakaran Briket Limbah Sabut Kelapa sebagai Bahan Bakar Biomassa Alternatif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29407/jmn.v8i2.26043Keywords:
Biomassa, briket, limbah sabut kelapa, Cerbera manghas, bahan bakar alternatifAbstract
Peningkatan kebutuhan energi di tengah keterbatasan sumber daya fosil mendorong pengembangan energi alternatif yang berkelanjutan, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan biomassa dalam bentuk briket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi limbah sabut kelapa (coconut fiber) sebagai bahan baku briket biomassa dan membandingkannya dengan biji bintaro (Cerbera manghas) yang menggunakan perekat tapioka, serta mengevaluasi pengaruh tekanan pemadatan terhadap karakteristik pembakarannya. Briket dibuat dari 100% sabut kelapa dengan perekat tapioka, kemudian dipadatkan pada tekanan 1 MPa dan 2 MPa. Pengujian nilai kalor dilakukan menggunakan Parr Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter, sedangkan uji pembakaran dilakukan untuk mengetahui waktu penyalaan, temperatur, dan durasi pembakaran. Seluruh pengujian dilakukan dengan tiga kali replikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa briket dari limbah sabut kelapa memiliki nilai kalor tertinggi, yaitu 4741 kkal/kg, lebih tinggi dibandingkan briket campuran 90% biji bintaro dan 10% tapioka yang menghasilkan 4164 kkal/kg. Uji pembakaran menunjukkan bahwa briket yang dipadatkan pada tekanan 2 MPa memiliki durasi pembakaran lebih lama (1433 detik) dan temperatur sedikit lebih tinggi (66,5 °C) dibandingkan tekanan 1 MPa, meskipun memerlukan waktu penyalaan yang lebih lama. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan tekanan pemadatan menghasilkan struktur briket lebih rapat dan pembakaran lebih stabil. Secara keseluruhan, limbah sabut kelapa berpotensi tinggi sebagai bahan bakar biomassa alternatif yang efisien dan berkelanjutan.
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