Simple Additive Weighting Method For The Assessment Of Sharia Banking Performance

The interest in Sharia-based financial industry products has increased rapidly, as evidenced by a large number of conventional Bank customers migrating to Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS). With this phenomenon, it is necessary to measure BUS financial performance in Indonesia by using the analysis of the Shariah Maqashid Index (SMI) concept as control and reference for the public to choose and utilize Islamic financial products in Indonesia with an empirical study approach. The object of this study is Islamic banks in Indonesia using purposive sampling techniques with the condition that only the category of Islamic Commercial Banks. The results of this study are indicators of all mashed shariah index variables with measurements using the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method as decision support. Eight BUS in Indonesia have different calculation results; each Islamic bank has advantages in SMI elements. That Bank Mualamah Syariah has the highest IK1 (Performance Indicator) for two years in a row. Bank Panin Syariah has the highest IK2 in 5 consecutive years. BCAS and Bank Syariah Bukopin have the highest IK3. In general, all BUS that has implemented maqashid syariah with the category 'good' because they have an average value of 3.00.


I. INTRODUCTION
The sharia-based financial industry is still the prima donna in this modern era. The Islamic finance and banking industry is still relatively new compared to the conventional financial and banking industry. It can be proven by the value of the Islamic banking and finance industry estimated at US 1.3 trillion dollars [1]. The sharia-based financial industry is also in great demand, not only Muslim customers but also non-Muslim customers. The sharia financial industry, in its implementation, is based on Islamic sharia principles and must follow the rules applied in sharia [2]. The Islamic finance and banking industry has gained strong trust and support, especially after the success of Islamic banking survived the 2008 economic crisis.
Indonesia is a country with a large Muslim population in the world. The existence of Muslim potential is an advantage that Indonesia has for the development of Islamic banking. The government also protects Islamic banking in Indonesia. The growth of Islamic banking in Indonesia is proof that the system implemented by Islamic banks in Indonesia can guarantee the welfare of banks and the public as customers [3]. You do this by maintaining the assets of banks and customers both in good and difficult banking situations [4]. Based on 2015-2018 data on the growth of assets, financing, and third-party funds, during the last three years, it was 0.95%, 10.13%, and 13.02% (Hartono, 2018). Other data also found that Islamic banking assets recorded growth of 24.2% until August 2017 [5]. The growth of Islamic banking has encouraged high competitiveness among the financial services industry [6]. Islamic banking is also able to maintain good performance so that it can compete with other banking industries, both domestic sharia banking, and sharia banking, from other countries.
Based on the results of a survey of investment behavior among consumers of Islamic banking conducted in Indonesia, especially in Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan, there are several factors that consumers choose sharia banking. The factors of concern are sharia compliance from the bank (100%), ease of access (53.5%), bank credibility (27.4%) and professionalism  Taib and Abdul Razak explained that the measurement of general banking performance showed a better percentage than the measurement of conventional banking performance. The study uses the concept of maqashid shariah index according to Abdul Majid Najjar, which uses a broader and more effective concept of maqashid shariah by dividing it into four objectives and eight elements, namely Faith, Human Rights, Securing Yourself, Intelligence, Securing Heredity, Human Entity, Securing Assets and the Environment. In research on measuring the performance of Islamic banks using the maqashid shariah index, including those conducted by formulating a measurement that is useful to measure the performance of Islamic banks that are developed based on the principles of Islamic banks with the aim that there is a measurement for Islamic banks by its objectives. In previous studies regarding the measurement of sharia banking performance, the concept of maqashid shariah used was a concept proposed by Abu Zahrah [7].
With the phenomenon of the development of the Muslim population and the number of customers who have shifted to the Islamic banking system, it is necessary to measure the financial performance of BUS in Indonesia by using the analysis of the Shariah Maqashid Index (SMI) concept as a control and reference for the public to choose and utilize the products.
Islamic financial products in Indonesia.
BUS performance appraisal is carried out using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method and the MADM (Multiple Attribute Decision Making) approaches because the assessment technique mechanism is easily more easily understood by the general public [8], [9]. It is used because this study aims to control and reference for the public to choose and utilize Islamic financial products in Indonesia.

A. Research Design
The form of research carried out is quantitative research with a descriptive approach.
According to the type of level of exploration, this research is comparative research that compares the evaluation of financial performance using the analysis of the shariah maqashid index (SMI) concept with an empirical study approach [10]. The unit of analysis of this study uses a group of Islamic banks (Islamic banks), namely Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) registered at the central bank of the Indonesian state [11].
The data used in this study are secondary data, namely the annual financial report (annual

B. Data Analysis Techniques
Sharia bank performance calculations are carried out from various aspects of the SMI using the MADM (Multiple Attribute Decision Making) approach and assessment techniques with the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method [12]. All indicators on all variables in the SMI are weighted and assessed by the SAW method.
The SMI variables used are aspects contained in the Tahfidz al Fard variable (Educating individuals); those are variables that use indicators to assess BUS involvement in the response program in education. The next variable is Iqamah al adl (Upholding justice) which is a variable that uses indicators to assess BUS in the process of financial transactions based on fair considerations, and Jabl al Maslahah variable (Creating Benefit) is a variable that uses indicators to assess halal -an products and restrictions on profits and losses [13]. Sources: (Antonio, Sanrego., 2012) Based on the study of the theory [14][15] [16], the attributes that will be measured in this study are eight ratios, as follows: The first ratio is the Education Grant Ratio The second ratio, the Research Ratio The third ratio, the Training Ratio The fourth ratio, the Publication Ratio The fifth ratio, which is the Distribution Function Ratio The sixth ratio, which is the Profitability Ratio The seventh ratio, which is the Personal Income Ratio The eighth ratio, which is the investment ratio in the real sector Based on the formulation of the attribute formula, the following performance indicator formulations are obtained: The final SMI score can be formulated as follows: The first stage in using themaqashid index is to measure its financial performance using performance ratios that are following the maqashid sharia concept [17], which is weighted with the MADM approach and measured by the data shown in the following table 2-6.

B. Discussion
The following is a table of Indonesia's sharia maqashid performance ratios from 2013-2017.  Bank) in 2013 allocated the most funds according to maqashid shariah performance criteria. In contrast to BMI, BSM, and BMS, which allocate but are small in membership.        Indonesia. In 2016 BSB was still superior with three ratios that were higher than other Islamic banks. These superior ratios are R2, R4, and R6. They are followed by BMI also superior to 3 ratios after previously only one ratio. BMI's superior ratios are R1, R4, and R7. While other banks followed behind him, the effect of the magnitude of the difference between commas, but the results obtained are quite significant.   with three ratios that were higher than other Islamic banks. These superior ratios are R2, R4, and R6. They are followed by BMI also superior to 3 ratios after previously only one ratio.
BMI's superior ratios are R1, R4, and R7. While other banks followed behind him, the effect of the magnitude of the difference between commas, but the results obtained are quite significant.

IV. CONCLUSSION
Eight Islamic banks in Indonesia have different calculation results, each Islamic bank has advantages in implementing the maqashid shariah index elements, and from these calculations, the results show that Bank Mualamah Syariah has the highest IK1 for two consecutive years.
Participate. Bank Panin Syariah has the highest IK2 in 5 consecutive years. Sharia BCAS and Bukopin Syariah Bank have the highest IK3. All sharia banks that have implemented sharia maqashid well, namely in general Indonesia has implemented ratios in 3 indicator indicators, namely educating individuals, upholding justice, and creating benefit.