Efektor
type: channel
description: Efektor is a journal that contains the results of research or comprehensive literature review in the fields of Economics and Education. Efektor is a Journal published online two times a year in May and November. ISSN Print : 0854-1922 ISSN Online : 2355-956X
publisher: Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri
language: en
publication name: Efektor
issn: 0854-1922
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s). The author grants the journal, the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
items: The Meaning of Student Experience in Service Learning-Based Learning in the Playdate Course to Foster Social Entrepreneurship in Early Childhood Education
items: Technology-Based Operational Plan Optimization for Warehousing Startup:Secure Stash Case Study
items: Financial Planning and Investment Feasibility Analysis of the Warehousing Startup Company Secure Stash
items: The Dynamics of Student Social Relationships: Peer Connectivity and Its Implications for Academic Achievement
items: The Role of Gen Z in Utilizing Social Media to Enhance MSME Competitiveness Toward Indonesia Emas 2045
items: The Effect of Lapbook Media on the Ability to Recognize Letters in Children Aged 4-5
items: The Influence of the Education Game Avatar World on the Creativity of Children Aged 5-6 Years
items: Development of E-LKPD Matrix Material Based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) for High School Students
items: Uncovering the Hidden Relationship Between Crypto Prices and Mining Stocks: Evidence from ANTM and TINS
items: The Moderation Effect of External Auditor on the Relationship between Bank Characteristics and Credit Risk
items: Descriptive Study of Students' Mathematical Representation of Area Material Using Integral Approach
items: The Influence of the Partnership Between Village Unit Cooperatives and Dairy Cattle Farmers on the Welfare of Partnership Members in Nglurup Village, Sendang Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency
items: The Great Parents School Program Strategy in Fostering Positive Parenting and Cultural-Civic Literacy in Early Childhood
items: The Role of Teachers in Addressing Early Childhood Bullying through Reading and Writing Literacy
items: The Impact of Learning in the Digital Age on the Achievement of Independence in Children at RA Al-Hidayah Bulango Timur
items: The Influence of the Learning Environment, Literacy Culture and Infrastructure on the National Assessment Results of State Elementary Schools in Tulungagung District
items: The Influence of Teacher's Teaching Skills, Social Intelligence, And Learning Style on The Learning Outcomes of Students of SD Negeri Sembung
items: Differences The Creative Problem Solving and Ideal Problem Solving Learning’s Models Oriented on Experiential Learning Reviewed from Learning Outcomes and Student Motivation
items: Differentiated Instruction As Theory And Its Practice In The Classroom: Case Study At SDN Burengan 2
items: Improving Business Performance and Development through Work Culture, Work Ethic, and Motivation: An Empirical Study on Soto Lamongan Culinary Entrepreneurs in Kediri City
items: The Influence of Financial Literacy, Hedonic Lifestyle, and Self-Control on Consumer Behavior in Gen-Z
items: The Influence Of Social Media Marketing On Purchase Decisions With Social Influence And Word Of Mouth As Mediating Variables At Lovable Hijab Shop
items: The Effect of Trust, Ease of Use and Information Quality on Purchasing Decisions for Islamic Fashion Products Through Shopee in the Perspective of Islamic Economics
items: Analysis of Factors Influencing Sleep Quality in Adolescents Using a Binary Scale
items: Development of the “Game Huruf” Interactive Media to Enhance Literacy Skills in Group B Children at Dharma Wanita Persatuan 7 Sengguruh Kindergarten
items: Implementation of the Role‑Playing Model in Indonesian Language Learning and Its Impact on Communication Skills
items: Factors Influencing Generation Z’s Purchase Decisions on Somethinc Products: Halal Label, Product Quality, and Electronic Word of Mouth (E‑WOM)
items: Evaluating Various Storytelling Techniques for Early Childhood Education: A Literature Review
items: Star Interactive Multimedia Edugame: A Solution to Enhance Numeracy in Early Childhood
items: Determination of Audit Report Lag in Transportation Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

The Meaning of Student Experience in Service Learning-Based Learning in the Playdate Course to Foster Social Entrepreneurship in Early Childhood Education
type: item
description: This study aims to understand the meaning of PIAUD students' experiences in service learning-based learning in the Playdate course to foster social entrepreneurship values. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used to explore the subjective experiences of 12 students who were purposively selected based on their level of involvement and reflective articulation skills. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Thematic analysis identified four main themes: the transformation of understanding of social entrepreneurship from a profit orientation to a social impact orientation; the development of professional competencies through the improvement of communication and leadership skills; meaningful experiential learning through the integration of theory and practice; and the formation of a professional identity oriented towards community service. The Playdate Library Tour program, which reached 300 children from seven early childhood education institutions, provided students with authentic experiences in developing values of empathy, social responsibility, innovation, and sustainability. The Kolb experiential learning cycle has proven effective in transforming concrete experiences into deep learning through a structured reflection process. Research findings show that service learning can be an effective learning model for preparing early childhood education teachers who are not only academically qualified but also possess a spirit of social entrepreneurship for sustainable education. Further research recommendations include involving a more diverse range of participants, using a mixed methods approach for greater comprehensiveness, and conducting longitudinal studies to trace the long-term impact of service learning on PIAUD graduates.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Service learning, Social entrepreneurship, Early childhood education, Experiential learning, Professional competence.
  topic: keywords
creator: Errifa Susilo
creator: Dian Mustikawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Errifa Susilo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 240
ending page: 250
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27274

Technology-Based Operational Plan Optimization for Warehousing Startup:Secure Stash Case Study
type: item
description: Abstract This article examines technology-based operational planning strategies in the warehouse service industry through a case study of Secure Stash, a startup that provides storage services integrated with expedition partners, RFID technology, and a comprehensive digital system. This research aims to identify best practices in designing operational services, projecting revenue streams, and developing efficient and sustainable work systems. The study refers to operational literature by Edi Hamdi and Muhammad Dhafi Iskandar and employs a descriptive–analytical approach based on Secure Stash project documents. The results show that the application of Lean methods, process digitalization, and the implementation of standardized operational SOPs can significantly enhance efficiency and customer satisfaction.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: digital warehousing, lean operations, logistics startup, operational planning, RFID, Secure Stash
  topic: keywords
creator: Steven Stevu Denito
creator: Rhian Indradewa
creator: Edi Hamdi
creator: Muhammad Dhafi Iskandar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Steven Stevu Denito, Rhian Indradewa, Edi Hamdi, Muhammad Dhafi Iskandar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 307
ending page: 314
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27532

Financial Planning and Investment Feasibility Analysis of the Warehousing Startup Company Secure Stash
type: item
description: This study examines the financial planning and investment feasibility of Secure Stash, a technology-based startup operating in the warehousing service industry. Amid the rapid digital transformation and the expansion of e-commerce, modern warehousing supported by digital and Internet of Things (IoT) systems has become a critical component of efficient logistics and supply chain management. This research contributes by integrating a technology-driven business context with a comprehensive financial feasibility assessment, providing empirical insight into how digital warehousing startups can achieve sustainable financial performance. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach using internal financial planning data of Secure Stash, including projected revenues, operating costs, capital structure, and investment requirements. Investment feasibility is evaluated using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC). These methods allow for a systematic assessment of both profitability and capital efficiency under startup conditions. The results indicate that the Secure Stash project is financially viable, with a positive NPV, an IRR exceeding the WACC, and a payback period within a reasonable timeframe for logistics startups. This study highlights the importance of integrating digital technology considerations with sound financial planning to support informed investment decisions and long-term business sustainability in the warehousing service sector.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: financial planning, investment feasibility, warehousing services, startup business, IRR, NPV
  topic: keywords
creator: Helmy Hendra Kusuma
creator: Rhian Indradewa
creator: Edi Hamdi
creator: Muhammad Dhafi Iskandar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Helmy Hendra Kusuma, Rhian Indradewa, Edi Hamdi, Muhammad Dhafi Iskandar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 315
ending page: 325
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27504

The Dynamics of Student Social Relationships: Peer Connectivity and Its Implications for Academic Achievement
type: item
description: Peer relationships play a crucial role in shaping learning characteristics and academic achievement among university students. Social interactions established among students foster positive connectivity, which has the potential to influence academic performance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between peer connectivity measured through the frequency and quality of interactions, mutual trust and support, academic collaboration, and sense of belonging in learning activities and students’ academic achievement. This research employed a quantitative approach using a correlational survey design. The research data were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered to 46 respondents, consisting of students from the Nonformal Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, who were selected using a non-probability sampling technique. The data were analyzed using inferential statistical methods with Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program (JASP) version 95.4. The results indicate that overall peer connectivity has a positive relationship of 74.1% with students’ academic achievement. Specifically, the frequency of interaction contributes 31.7%, mutual trust accounts for 8.3%, group learning contributes 60.2%, and peer sense of belonging contributes 47.6%. These findings demonstrate that peer connectivity has a significant and sufficiently strong association with the improvement of students’ academic achievement. This indicates that positive social relationships among students can effectively support and enhance their academic performance.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: connectivity, peer relationships, academic achievement
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmad Ahmad
creator: Dani Irawan
creator: Rizqi Fajar Pradipta
creator: Ratih Permata Sari
creator: Nur Alamsyah Surya Negara
creator: Mathori Abdullah Al Ghifari
creator: Mochammad Syifauddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Ahmad, Dani Irawan, Rizqi Fajar Pradipta, Ratih Permata Sari , Nur Alamsyah Surya Negara , Mathori Abdullah Al Ghifari, Mochammad Syifauddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 296
ending page: 306
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27442

The Role of Gen Z in Utilizing Social Media to Enhance MSME Competitiveness Toward Indonesia Emas 2045
type: item
description: Indonesia is striving to achieve the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045 by strengthening national economic competitiveness, one of which is through empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as the backbone of the national economy in the digital era. Generation Z, as digital natives, possesses significant potential to support the digital transformation of MSMEs through the utilization of social media; however, this contribution has not yet been optimally harnessed and continues to face various limitations in practical implementation. This study aims to analyze the role of Generation Z in enhancing MSME competitiveness through social media–based digital communication strategies, while addressing the research gap related to the suboptimal contribution of Generation Z in accelerating sustainable digital transformation among MSMEs. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review approach, drawing on various relevant studies and reports. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and inductive conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that Generation Z acts as a catalyst in social media management through content creativity, digital storytelling, and the utilization of social commerce, which contribute to expanding market reach and strengthening MSME brand image. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including low levels of productive digital literacy, limitations in human resources, and digital infrastructure disparities that hinder the optimization of this role. Therefore, collaborative strategies are required through the enhancement of digital literacy, the strengthening of community partnerships, and inclusive and adaptive public policy support. In conclusion, Generation Z plays a strategic and crucial role as a key accelerator in the digital transformation of MSMEs, contributing to the development of a competitive and sustainable digital economy toward the realization of Indonesia Emas 2045.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: : competitiveness, digital transformation, generation Z, MSMEs, social media
  topic: keywords
creator: Joko Nugroho
creator: Antoni Ludfi Arifin
creator: Atha Adiwidya Ludfi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Joko Nugroho, Angelika Rosma, Antoni Ludfi Arifin, Atha Adiwidya Ludfi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
starting page: 283
ending page: 295
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27416

The Effect of Lapbook Media on the Ability to Recognize Letters in Children Aged 4-5
type: item
description: This study is motivated by the low ability of children in recognizing letters, as well as the lack of utilization of learning media used to support the process. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using lapbook media on the ability to recognize letters in children aged 4-5 years at Kamboja Kindergarten, Central City District, Gorontalo City. This study applied saturated sampling technique which involved all group A as many as 19 people. The approach used was quantitative research and experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. Data collection was done through performance tests. The results of hypothesis testing that the significance value of 0.000 < α = 0.05 and the value of t count = 15.650 and t table = 1.729 then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that there is an effect of lapbook media on the ability to recognize letters in children 4-5 years at Kamboja Kindergarten
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: ability to recognize letters, children 4-5 years old, Lapbook media
  topic: keywords
creator: Regita Cahyani Maulida Sumah
creator: Pupung Puspa Ardini
creator: Icam Sutisna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Regita Cahyani Maulida Sumah, Pupung Puspa Ardini, Icam Sutisna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
starting page: 273
ending page: 282
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27286

The Influence of the Education Game Avatar World on the Creativity of Children Aged 5-6 Years
type: item
description: This study aims to improve the creativity of 5-6 year old children by using the Avatar World Educational Game at Kamboja Kindergarten, Kota Tengah District, Gorontalo City. This study is a quantitative study using a pre-test and post-test experimental method conducted after the treatment was given and before the treatment was given. The sample consisted of 20 children aged 5-6 years in group B at Kamboja Kindergarten, Kota Tengah District, Gorontalo City. The results of the study show that the data obtained in the pretest was 22.55 out of a total score of 451. Meanwhile, after the treatment using the Avatar World Game was given to students at Kamboja Kindergarten using a sample of 20 students, the data obtained was 35.25 out of a total score of 705. The data shows that there is a difference or progress in the level of understanding of children at Kamboja Kindergarten, and there is a difference in the effect of the Avatar World Game based on the t-test, which shows a probability value of 0.000, meaning that 0.000 < 0.05, which means that there is an effect on the level of understanding of children using the Avatar World game.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Creativity Recognition Ability, Avatar World Game
  topic: keywords
creator: Adinda Suryani
creator: Pupung Puspa Ardini
creator: Yenti Juniarti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Adinda Suryani, Pupung Puspa Ardini, Yenti Juniarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
starting page: 264
ending page: 272
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27249

Development of E-LKPD Matrix Material Based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) for High School Students
type: item
description: This study aims to design a Digital Student Worksheet based on Realistic Mathematics Education for matrix material for students at the senior high school level. The approach used is Research and Development with the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Participants in this study consisted of 35 students of grade XI H at SMAN 5 Yogyakarta, while the validation process was carried out by a mathematics teacher and two lecturers who have expertise in the field. The tools used in this study include validation sheets from material experts, media experts, and questionnaires to measure student responses. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative approaches by calculating the percentage of evaluation results from experts and student responses. The results of this study revealed that the assessment from material experts reached 92%, media experts 94%, and student responses reached 82%, all of which were classified as very good. These findings indicate that the developed product is valid, practical, and worthy of being used as an alternative learning medium to improve students' mathematical literacy skills, especially regarding the topic of matrices for grade XI students.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: E-LKPD, Matrix, Realistic Mathematics Education (RME)
  topic: keywords
creator: Alfina Fitri Damayanti
creator: Sumargiyani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alfina Fitri Damayanti, Sumargiyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 251
ending page: 263
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27254

Uncovering the Hidden Relationship Between Crypto Prices and Mining Stocks: Evidence from ANTM and TINS
type: item
description: The high volatility of the crypto market has raised questions about its potential impact on other financial instruments, including shares of mining sector issuers. This study aims to reveal the relationship between the price of crypto assets, especially Bitcoin, and the stock price movements of two major mining issuers in Indonesia, namely Antam (ANTM) and Tin (TINS). The analysis was carried out with a quantitative approach with a simple linear regression analysis method, to test the influence of the price of bitcoin on each stock. The results of the analysis show the direction of a positive and significant relationship between the price of Bitcoin and ANTM shares with a regression coefficient of 0.008776. This value indicates that any increase in the price of Bitcoin is potentially followed by an increase in the price of ANTM's shares, with a contribution of variation of 45% (R² = 0.45). Meanwhile, the influence on TINS shares was also positive but weaker, with a regression coefficient of 0.004999 and a contribution of variation of 28% (R² = 0.28). These findings indicate that the crypto market could be one of the external factors influencing the dynamics of real sector stocks, especially those related to metal commodities. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of including crypto variables in the risk analysis and investment strategies of mining sector stocks due to the adoption of blockchain technology that requires such commodities.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: crypto
  topic: keywords
subject: bitcoin
  topic: keywords
subject: stock
  topic: keywords
creator: Diky Paramitha
creator: Etik Ipda Riyani
creator: Kan Wen Huey
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Diky Paramitha, Etik Ipda Riyani, Kan Wen Huey https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 212
ending page: 221
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27205

The Moderation Effect of External Auditor on the Relationship between Bank Characteristics and Credit Risk
type: item
description: This research provides quantitative research using secondary data related to the moderating influence between the role of bank size and age on credit risk. Data from banking company financial reports for 2022-2024 were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The study found a significant negative effect on the relationship between bank size and credit risk, and a moderating effect of external auditors on the relationship between bank age and credit risk. Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between company age and credit risk, and external auditors failed to moderate the relationship between bank size and credit risk. This research opens up opportunities to examine more deeply the influence of macroeconomic factors.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: bank size, bank age, credit risk
  topic: keywords
creator: Dian Rubihani
creator: Vincentia Anindha Primacintya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 DIAN RUBIHANI, Vincentia Anindha Primacintya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 181
ending page: 190
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27027

Descriptive Study of Students' Mathematical Representation of Area Material Using Integral Approach
type: item
description: This study aims to describe the mathematical representation ability of Mathematics Education students at Universitas Ahmad Dahlan in solving problems related to the area of plane regions using an integral approach. This research employs a descriptive quantitative method with 23 students as subjects. The data were collected from the documentation of the Final Semester Examination (UAS) in the Integral Calculus course, which included questions on the area of plane regions. Data analysis was conducted using a mathematical representation scoring rubric. The results showed that the students’ mathematical representation abilities varied, with 39.13% categorized as high, 26.09% as medium, and 34.78% as low. The average score was 59.78, with a standard deviation of 37.73, a maximum score of 100, and a minimum score of 10. These findings indicate that the students’ mathematical representation ability is still relatively low and uneven across the three aspects of representation. The most common errors included visual errors in drawing area graphs, verbal errors in explaining mathematical procedures, and symbolic errors in algebraic manipulation and the use of mathematical symbols.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: calculus, mathematical, representation
  topic: keywords
creator: Sumargiyani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sumargiyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 168
ending page: 180
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.27002

The Influence of the Partnership Between Village Unit Cooperatives and Dairy Cattle Farmers on the Welfare of Partnership Members in Nglurup Village, Sendang Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency
type: item
description: Starting from the urgency of the role of Village Unit Cooperatives (KUD) in improving the quality of life in rural communities, this study aims to examine the implementation of partnership patterns, the supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as their impact on members’ welfare. The research focuses on the partnership between KUD and dairy farmers in Nglurup Village, Sendang District, Tulungagung Regency. A quantitative approach was employed through a survey of 211 partnership members. Data were collected using a closed-ended Likert-scale questionnaire and structured observations with specific guidelines. The validity and reliability of the instruments were tested using Pearson correlation analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha. Data analysis was conducted using simple linear regression to determine the effect of the partnership variable (X) on welfare (Y). The results indicate that the partnership between KUD and dairy farmers has a significant impact on members’ welfare. The coefficient of determination shows that the partnership contributes positively in explaining variations in welfare levels. In conclusion, strengthening the partnership model between KUD and dairy farmers needs to be continuously enhanced as a strategy to support rural economic development based on local wisdom. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for formulating economic empowerment policies in rural areas.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Partnership, Village Unit Cooperative (KUD), Dairy Farmers, Welfare, Community Empowerment.
  topic: keywords
creator: Toifur Ahmad Balya
creator: Nur Lailiyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Toifur Ahmad Balya, Nur Lailiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 231
ending page: 239
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.26972

The Great Parents School Program Strategy in Fostering Positive Parenting and Cultural-Civic Literacy in Early Childhood
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the implementation strategy of the Great Parents Program in fostering positive parenting patterns and its contribution to the cultural literacy of early childhood at the Kasih Bunda Playgroup, Sambirejo Village, Madiun Regency. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, involving eight program participants, facilitators, institution managers, and students as research subjects. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that the program equips parents with effective communication skills, consistent discipline practices, and appreciation for children, which encourages a shift toward more democratic and supportive parenting styles. The program also proved to instill cultural and civic values through the introduction of national symbols, folk tales, traditional games, and the practice of mutual cooperation, which were internalized in family activities. The research findings confirm that parenting programs can serve as a strategic tool in integrating positive parenting with cultural and civic literacy, while also strengthening the character and identity of young children.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Great Parent School, Positive Parenting, Cultural-Civic Literacy, Early Childhood Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Atik Yuliana
creator: Ahmad Samawi
creator: Sri Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Atik Yuliana, Ahmad Samawi, Sri Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 222
ending page: 230
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.26961

The Role of Teachers in Addressing Early Childhood Bullying through Reading and Writing Literacy
type: item
description: This study aims to examine teachers' strategies in addressing bullying behavior in early childhood through reading and writing literacy activities. Using a qualitative approach with a multi-site case study design, the study was conducted at Ngadirejo 01 Kindergarten and Ngadirejo 02 Kindergarten in Wonoasri, Madiun. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results show that reading and writing literacy activities that integrate social values such as empathy and mutual assistance can increase children's social awareness and reduce bullying behavior. At Ngadirejo 01 Kindergarten, 58% of children showed a high interest in literacy and a 41% decrease in verbal aggression, while at Ngadirejo 02 Kindergarten, the figures were 73% and 45%. The challenges faced by teachers include limited reading materials and the need to improve character literacy competencies. Teachers play an important role as facilitators and positive social models. Literacy has proven to be an effective strategy in character education to prevent bullying and foster prosocial behavior in early childhood.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: character education, early childhood bullying, reading and writing literacy, teacher role
  topic: keywords
creator: Emy Puji Rahayu
creator: Pramono Pramono
creator: Alif Mudiono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emy Puji Rahayu, Pramono Pramono, Alif Mudiono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 201
ending page: 211
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.25537

The Impact of Learning in the Digital Age on the Achievement of Independence in Children at RA Al-Hidayah Bulango Timur
type: item
description: This research aims to obtain data and information regarding the impact of learning in the digital era on the achievement of children's independence at RA Al-Hidayah Bulango Timur. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive method, with 13 children aged 4-5 years as the subjects. The data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings of this research indicate that learning in the digital era at RA Al-Hidayah Bulango Timur positively impacts early childhood independence in various aspects. Among the 13 children who participated in this research, 5 children showed very good development, while 8 children developed as expected. These children can learn independently through digital materials provided by teachers using digital devices and applications such as Canva, educational videos, and other audiovisual media. They also demonstrate confidence in completing tasks without always relying on teachers. Using technology in puzzle-solving activities through smartphones enhances children's thinking skills and teamwork. Additionally, their confidence is evident in their willingness to present assignments in front of the class after watching educational videos. Learning through digital devices attracts children's interest and helps them easily understand materials. However, learning in the digital era requires appropriate guidance and supervision from teachers and parents to ensure that children use technology wisely, making it an effective tool for fostering independence and social skills in early childhood.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Children aged 4-5 years, independence, digital era
  topic: keywords
creator: Pupung Puspa Ardini
creator: Nurhayati Tine
creator: Aprilia Kartini Mangantjo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Pupung Puspa Ardini, Nurhayati Tine, Aprilia Kartini Mangantjo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 191
ending page: 200
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i2.25429

The Influence of the Learning Environment, Literacy Culture and Infrastructure on the National Assessment Results of State Elementary Schools in Tulungagung District
type: item
description: Improving the quality of education is one of the main focuses in the development of human resources in Indonesia. This is in line with the government's vision to produce a generation that is smart, competitive and has character. One important indicator in measuring the quality of education is the results of the National Assessment, which includes reading literacy, numeracy, and character surveys. The implementation of the National Assessment as an assessment instrument in the Indonesian education system certainly presents both challenges and opportunities for schools across the country, including Tulungagung. The National Assessment is designed to provide a comprehensive picture of the quality of a school's education, covering aspects of literacy, numeracy and character. The result of the National Assessment in several public primary schools in Tulungagung sub-district show significant variations in achievement between schools. This condition indicates that three are factors that influence the resuts of the National Assessment, both from within and outside the learning environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning environment, literacy culture and infrastructure facilities partially and simultanerously on the results of the National Assessment of Public Eementary Schools in Tulungagung District. The type of research used in this study is associative and the research method uses a quantitative approach. The population in the study amounted to 25 institutions. The sampling technique used is saturated sample. The data collection tool is a questionnaire and uses mlutiple linear regression analysis.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
creator: Dodik Hariyadi
creator: Imam Sujono
creator: Muhamad Abdul Roziq Asrori
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dodik Hariyadi, Imam Sujono, Muhamad Abdul Roziq Asrori https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-31
publication date: 2025-05-31
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25231

The Influence of Teacher's Teaching Skills, Social Intelligence, And Learning Style on The Learning Outcomes of Students of SD Negeri Sembung
type: item
description: The quality of education is determined by students' learning outcomes, which reflect changes in their knowledge, skills and attitudes. This study aims to analyse the effect of teachers' teaching skills, social intelligence, and learning styles on student learning outcomes, both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a non-experimental quantitative method (correlation). The study population included 136 people, consisting of 127 students and 9 teachers at SD Negeri Sembung, with a saturated sample technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and students' report card documents and then analysed using t test (partial) and f test (simultaneous). The results show that partially tcount> ttable, meaning that there is a positive and significant influence on student learning outcomes between teacher skills in teaching (tcount = 3.296), social intelligence (tcount = 2.346), and learning styles (tcount = 7.204) with (ttable = 1.6615). Simultaneously, the three variables contribute to improving learning outcomes. Thus, the better the teacher's skills, social intelligence, and students' learning styles, the higher the learning outcomes achieved.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: learning outcomes, learning styles, social intelligence, teacher teaching skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Erfan Afandi
creator: Imam Sujono
creator: Ajar Dirgantoro
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Erfan Afandi, Imam Sujono, Ajar Dirgantoro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-29
publication date: 2025-05-29
starting page: 147
ending page: 157
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25230

Differences The Creative Problem Solving and Ideal Problem Solving Learning’s Models Oriented on Experiential Learning Reviewed from Learning Outcomes and Student Motivation
type: item
description: The problem in this study Lecturers apply lecture and assignment models, so that students do not understand the material on humans and their environment. The impact is that student motivation and learning outcomes decrease. To overcome this problem, Creative Problem Solving and IDEAL Problem Solving are applied which are oriented towards Experiential Learning. The research subjects are 1st semester PGSD students. The sample uses a random sampling technique of 2 classes. This study uses an Experimental method with a two-way ANOVA analysis technique with a 2x2 path. Learning outcome data uses tests and learning motivation data uses questionnaires with a Likert scale. The data analysis technique used for test data is SPSS, a significance level of 5% (0.05) Meanwhile, learning motivation data uses a questionnaire with a Likert scale with data interpretation 13-20: high motivation category and 0-12: low motivation category. The results of the study were 1) P-value model 0.842 > 0.05, then Ha was accepted, meaning that there was a difference in learning outcomes of students who received Creative Problem Solving treatment oriented to Experiential Learning and IDEAL Problem Solving oriented to Experiential Learning, 2) P-value motivation 0.001 <0.05, then Ha was rejected, meaning that there was no difference in motivation between students who were given lectures on the Creative Problem Solving model oriented to Experiential Learning and IDEAL Problem Solving oriented to Experiential Learning, 3) P-value interaction model with motivation 0.017 <0.05, then Ha was rejected, meaning that there was no interaction between the Creative Problem Solving model oriented to Experiential Learning and IDEAL Problem Solving oriented to Experiential Learning with student learning motivation.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: creative problem solving, experiential learning, ideal problem solving, learning achievement, learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Ilmawati Fahmi Imron
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 ilmawati Fahmi Imron https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-24
publication date: 2025-05-24
starting page: 137
ending page: 146
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25181

Differentiated Instruction As Theory And Its Practice In The Classroom: Case Study At SDN Burengan 2
type: item
description: Differentiated instruction is learning that allows teachers to facilitate the diversity of students' needs. Differentiated instruction in elementary schools is one of the forms of implementing the Merdeka curriculum. SDN Burengan 2 is one of the pioneering schools that has implemented the Merdeka curriculum for the first time compared to other schools in Kediri. Experience Teachers have received various training on the curriculum and especially Differentiated instruction and applied it in classroom learning This study aims to determine the theory and practice of Differentiated instruction at SDN Burengan 2 Kediri and. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study design. The results of this study indicate that there are three aspects in the implementation of Differentiated instruction including aspects of learning planning based on learning readiness, interests and student learning profiles, implementation of learning based on content differentiation, processes and products and evaluation of learning based on diagnostics, formative and summative. The implementation of learning at SDN Burengan 2 Kediri shows that there is harmony between planning, practice and evaluation of learning. And shows the practice of Differentiated instruction that is quite diverse between class levels. The conclusion of this study is that there is harmony between the theory and implementation of Differentiated instruction at SDN Burengan 2 Kediri.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: best practice, differentiated, elementary education
  topic: keywords
creator: Karimatus Saidah
creator: Dwi Muhammad Nurfianto
creator: Nurita Primasatya
creator: Kharisma Eka Purti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Karimatus Saidah, Dwi Muhammad Nurfianto, Nurita Primasatya, Kharisma Eka Purti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-24
publication date: 2025-05-24
starting page: 126
ending page: 136
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25163

Improving Business Performance and Development through Work Culture, Work Ethic, and Motivation: An Empirical Study on Soto Lamongan Culinary Entrepreneurs in Kediri City
type: item
description: The survival and developing nature of this culinary business, there are factors other than economic elements but non-economic factors in the form of work culture, dedication to work, and the encouragement of business stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of work culture, work ethic, and motivation affecting the performance and growth of the Soto Lamongan culinary sector in Kediri City, examining the direct and performance-mediated impacts. In accordance with the purpose of this study, the statistical analysis used is Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The variables used are latent variables that cannot be measured directly or the measurement using projections in the form of indicators is the main reason for using the SEM method, while the reason for using PLS is a sample used by 56 respondents with less than 100 respondents. The software used to conduct data analysis in this study is SmartPLS version 4.0. The results of the analysis show that work culture and motivation positively and significantly affect business performance and growth. In contrast, work ethic does not show significant contributions. In addition, work culture and motivation were also found to indirectly affect business development.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: motivation, performance, SEM-PLS, work culture, work ethic
  topic: keywords
creator: Poniran Yudho Leksono
creator: Sigit Ratnanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Poniran Yudho Leksono, Sigit Ratnanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-20
publication date: 2025-05-20
starting page: 117
ending page: 127
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25142

The Influence of Financial Literacy, Hedonic Lifestyle, and Self-Control on Consumer Behavior in Gen-Z
type: item
description: This study examines how financial literacy, hedonistic lifestyle, and self-control affect the consumer behavior of Generation Z in Indonesia, both individually and together. Based on responses from 136 Gen Z participants via an online questionnaire, data were analyzed using multiple linear regression (SPSS v.22). Results show that financial literacy and hedonistic lifestyle significantly influence consumer behavior on their own, while self-control does not. However, all three factors combined have a significant overall impact. This suggests Gen Z's consumer behavior is influenced by financial understanding, lifestyle choices, and psychological factors.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: consumptive behavior, financial literacy, hedonistic lifestyle, self-control
  topic: keywords
creator: Syifa Salsabilla
creator: Crescentiano Agung Wicaksono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Syifa Salsabilla, Crescentiano Agung Wicaksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 87
ending page: 101
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25133

The Influence Of Social Media Marketing On Purchase Decisions With Social Influence And Word Of Mouth As Mediating Variables At Lovable Hijab Shop
type: item
description: Consumer purchasing decisions are often influenced by various factors, including the influence of the social environment. Social Influence is a term used to describe how a person's perceptions and behavior are influenced by pressure from those around them. In a marketing context, Social Influence can take the form of recommendations from friends, family, as well as the influence of social media and influencers. The purpose of this study was the influence of Social Influence on Purchase Decision at Lovable Hijab Shop. This study used purposive sampling technique as the technique used which obtained questionnaire data as many as 126 respondents. Primary data was obtained through a questionnaire. The analysis stage includes testing the outer model, inner model, mediation, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that Social Media Marketing has a significant impact on Purchase Decision, while Social Media Marketing has a significant effect on Social Influence, while Social Media Marketing has an effect on Word Of Mouth, on Social Influence has a significant impact on Purchase Decision, and on Word Of Mouth has a significant effect on Purchase Decision.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: purchase decision, social influence, social media marketing, word of mouth
  topic: keywords
creator: Zalsa Nur Laila
creator: Mohamad Rifqy Roosdhani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zalsa Nur Laila Laila, Mohamad Rifqy Roosdhani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 102
ending page: 116
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.25104

The Effect of Trust, Ease of Use and Information Quality on Purchasing Decisions for Islamic Fashion Products Through Shopee in the Perspective of Islamic Economics
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the effect of trust, convenience, and information quality on shopping decisions for Islamic fashion products through shopee from an Islamic economic perspective in Central Java province. This research uses a mix method, which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative sent questionnaires to 100 selected respondents using non-statistical sampling techniques through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS 4.0. Qualitative was conducted with 10 informants from various backgrounds (5 students, 1 teacher, 1 private employee, 2 students, 1 housewife), who are also active Shopee users and have purchased Islamic fashion more than twice. The findings show that trust has no influence on the decision to buy Islamic fashion through shopee from an Islamic economic point of view. Meanwhile, ease of Us and information quality have an influence on purchasing decisions for Islamic fashion products through shopee in an Islamic economic perspective.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: ease of use, information quality, Islamic economic perspective, purchasing decisions, trust
  topic: keywords
creator: Sania Layaliyal
creator: Edi Susilo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sania Layaliyal, Edi Susilo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 75
ending page: 86
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24879

Analysis of Factors Influencing Sleep Quality in Adolescents Using a Binary Scale
type: item
description: Poor sleep quality in teenagers can cause negative psychological effects such as poor concentration and irritability, making teenagers feel sad, angry or stressed more than usual. The aim of this research is to identify factors that influence adolescent sleep quality, mainly related to sleep hygiene variables, sleep disorders, physical condition, and use of sleeping pills. The sample used in the research was 884 teenagers, using a cluster random sampling technique spread across several cities in East Java. The data analysis technique used is binary logistic regression to identify factors that influence the sleep quality of teenagers on a binary scale. The results of the research show that the factors that have a significant influence on the quality of sleep in adolescents are sleep hygiene, sleep disorders, physical condition, and partial or simultaneous use of sleeping pills. The model obtained shows that increasing sleep hygiene variables and physical condition increases the chances of good sleep quality. Sleep disorders and the use of sleeping medication show that an increase in these two variables can reduce the chances of good quality sleep. This means that in adolescents, interventions are recommended to focus on improving sleep hygiene, physical condition, reducing sleep disorders, and the use of sleeping medication, which can help improve the quality of sleep in adolescents significantly.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
creator: Siti Muntomimah
creator: Syahrul Mubarok
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Muntomimah, Syahrul Mubarok https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 63
ending page: 74
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24850

Development of the “Game Huruf” Interactive Media to Enhance Literacy Skills in Group B Children at Dharma Wanita Persatuan 7 Sengguruh Kindergarten
type: item
description: Building reading literacy skills in children must start early, besides that the learning process needs to be presented with methods that are fun for children. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of developing interactive media “Game Huruf” in improving reading literacy skills in group B children at Dharma Wanita Persatuan 7 Sengguruh Kindergarten. This research and development uses the Research and Development (R&D) approach method. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis method used involves qualitative and quantitative descriptions. Based on the results of validation from material experts obtained a number 87 with a percentage of 98.86% classified as “Very Feasible”. Meanwhile, the material expert obtained a score of 76 and a percentage of 100% classified as “Very Feasible”. Based on the limited scale and broad scale trials, the results showed that there were six children who had not shown their ability when arranging letters to become simple words (names of fruits) and there were still children who did not understand the relationship between the sound and shape of the letters. Meanwhile, the other six children were able to recognize various vowel to consonant letter symbols, arrange letters into simple words (such as the names of fruits), and understand the relationship between sounds and letter shapes.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: interactive media “Game Huruf”, kindergarten, literacy skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarah Emmanuel Haryono
creator: Maghfirotul Isnaini
creator: Henni Anggraini
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sarah Emmanuel Haryono, Maghfirotul Isnaini, Henni Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 53
ending page: 62
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24846

Implementation of the Role‑Playing Model in Indonesian Language Learning and Its Impact on Communication Skills
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the implementation of Role Playing learning model in Indonesian language learning and its effect on communication skills of SMAN 6 Kediri students. This research used quantitative approach with quasi-experimental design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class which was given learning using the Role Playing model and the control class which used the Problem Based Learning method. Data collection technique was conducted through speaking skill test, observation of students' participation, and questionnaire of perception towards learning method. The data analysis technique used t-test (independent sample t-test) to measure the difference in communication skills results between the two groups as well as descriptive analysis to see students' responses to the learning model. The results showed that students who learned with the Role Playing model experienced a significant improvement in communication skills compared to the control group. This improvement can be seen from the aspects of fluency in speaking, accuracy in conveying ideas, courage in arguing, and more active interaction in class. In addition, students also showed a more enthusiastic attitude and positive response to learning with the Role Playing model. These findings indicate that the Role Playing model can be an effective strategy in learning Indonesian, especially in improving students' speaking skills and social interaction. Therefore, this model is recommended to be applied in language learning to create a more dynamic and interactive learning atmosphere.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: communication skills, Indonesian language learning, learning model, student participation, role playing
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Lailiyah
creator: Yolanda Rensia Gigik
creator: Avrillya Ainisya
creator: Salma Kurnia Anisa
creator: Mutiara Etikasari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Lailiyah, Yolanda Rensia Gigik, Avrillya Ainisya, Salma Kurnia Anisa, Mutiara Etikasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 34
ending page: 44
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24828

Factors Influencing Generation Z’s Purchase Decisions on Somethinc Products: Halal Label, Product Quality, and Electronic Word of Mouth (E‑WOM)
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to degree how halal labeling, product quality and electronic word of mouth (e-wom) have an effect on buying choices for Somethinc products. This studies is quantitative in nature the usage of the technology Z population who have used Somethinc products. There were 100 samples used within the study which have been analyzed through SmartPLS model 4.0 software with the PLS-SEM technique. The findings display that the halal label has a high quality and tremendous effect on the choice to purchase, as well as product satisfactory and electronic phrase of mouth which even have a wonderful and sizeable impact on shopping selections. among all the variables, the halal label is the maximum dominant factor influencing the choice to buy. concurrently, the three variables have an effect on purchasing decisions really worth 59,8% at the same time as 40.2% are encouraged by way of variables not examined. those findings offer insights for cosmetics enterprise players to consciousness on improving product first-class to layout greater effective marketing techniques to improve purchasing decisions.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Electronic Word of Mouth, halal label, product quality, purchasing decisions
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Shobihatul Lailiyah
creator: Mahmudatus Sadiyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Shobihatul Lailiyah, Mahmudatus Sadiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 22
ending page: 33
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24798

Evaluating Various Storytelling Techniques for Early Childhood Education: A Literature Review
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate various storytelling techniques in supporting early childhood development. The research employed a literature review method by examining studies published between 2019 and 2024 on the use of storytelling in early childhood education. The analysis techniques included findings synthesis and critical analysis of various studies. The results revealed that visual media-based storytelling techniques, such as pictures and hand puppets, effectively enhance children’s language skills and vocabulary. Moreover, digital techniques such as interactive storytelling and audiovisual media create more engaging and interactive learning experiences, significantly improving children’s social-emotional and cognitive skills. Therefore, the selection of storytelling techniques should be adjusted according to learning needs and contexts for optimal results.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: child development, early childhood education, storytelling
  topic: keywords
creator: Khusnul Khotimah
creator: Ratih Permata Sari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Khusnul Khotimah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 45
ending page: 52
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24659

Star Interactive Multimedia Edugame: A Solution to Enhance Numeracy in Early Childhood
type: item
description: Numeracy skills play a crucial role in daily life, including for early childhood. Based on initial observations at Putera Bhakti Kindergarten, it was found that there was a problem of low numeracy skills and lack of stimulation provided by teachers, so researchers applied Edugame Star media to improve early childhood numeracy skills. This study aims to create the effect of the application of interactive multimedia Edugame Star in improving early childhood numeracy skills and analyzing the differences with conventional learning media. Researchers chose a quantitative descriptive research method with a pseudo-experimental approach and Posttest-only design with nonequivalent groups to conduct the proof. The population in the study included all students at Putera Bhakti Kindergarten with 2 sample groups, including the experimental group (B3) and the control group (B1). The results of the study based on the Mann U Whitney Test showed that the value of Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] of 0,009<0,05, then H0 is rejected, which means that there is an effect of the application of interactive multimedia Edugame Star on early childhood numeracy skills. The research results also showed a difference in the value of the mean rank results, namely the control group reached 13.97 and the experimental group 23.03 which resulted in a difference of 9.06. This significant difference causes H0 to be rejected, which means that there is a difference in the application of interactive multimedia Edugame Star with the application of conventional media.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: Numeracy Skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Early Childhood
  topic: keywords
subject: Multimedia Interaktif Edugame
  topic: keywords
subject: early childhood, interactive multimedia edugame Star, numeracy skills
  topic: keywords
creator: Imroatus Sholihah
creator: Intan Prastihastari Wijaya
creator: Anik Lestariningrum
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Imroatus Sholihah, Intan Prastihastari Wijaya, Anik Lestariningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 12
ending page: 21
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24612

Determination of Audit Report Lag in Transportation Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
type: item
description: The purpose of this activity is to demonstrate how the delay in audit reports for transportation businesses listed on the IDX from 2020 to 2022 is influenced by age, size, financial health, and operational complexity. This study uses a quantitative approach with independent variables such as operational complexity, financial health, company size, and company age, while the dependent variable is the audit report lag. The research data is secondary data in the form of documentary data accessed through the official IDX website, www.idx.co.id, using purposive sampling method. There are 15 modes of transportation used by the population. A total of 45 observations from fifteen companies were used as the research sample. Multiple linear regression analysis serves as the data analysis method. This study found that the age of the company and the size of the company partially have no significant impact on audit report lag, while the financial condition and operational complexity variables partially have no significant effect on audit report lag. The results of this study can be beneficial for the stream of literature related to company age, company size, financial condition, and operational complexity.
subject: Artikel
  topic: section
subject: audit report lag, company age, company size, financial condition, operational complexity
  topic: keywords
creator: Meilisa Rukmana
creator: Hetty Muniroh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Meilisa Rukmana, Hetty Muniroh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-04-22
publication date: 2025-04-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.29407/e.v12i1.24142